Newgard Craig D, Martens Katherine A, Lyons Evelyn M
Department of Emergency Medicine, Harbor-UCLA Medical Center, Torrance, CA, USA.
Acad Emerg Med. 2002 Sep;9(9):924-9. doi: 10.1111/j.1553-2712.2002.tb02194.x.
To determine whether vehicle characteristics, measured using crash scene photography, are associated with anatomic patterns of injury and severity of injury sustained in motor vehicle crashes (MVCs) without air bag deployment.
A prospective observational study was conducted over 22 months, using 12 fire departments serving two hospitals. Two vehicle photographs (exterior and interior) were taken at each MVC. Vehicular variables were assigned by grading the photographs with a standardized scoring system, and outcome information on each patient was collected by chart review.
Five hundred fifty-nine patients were entered into the study. Frontal crashes and increasing passenger space intrusion (PSI) were associated with head, facial, and lower-extremity injuries, while rear crashes were associated with spinal injuries. Restraint use had a protective effect in head, facial, and upper and lower extremity injuries, yet was associated with higher odds of spinal injury. Lack of restraint use, increasing PSI, and steering wheel deformity were associated with an increased hospital length of stay and hospital charges, yet only steering wheel deformity was associated with increasing injury severity when adjusting for other crash variables.
Out-of-hospital variables, as obtained from crash vehicle photography, are associated with injury site, injury severity, hospital length of stay, and hospital charges in patients involved in MVCs without air bag deployment.
确定使用事故现场照片测量的车辆特征是否与未配备安全气囊的机动车碰撞（MVC）中所受损伤的解剖学模式及损伤严重程度相关。
在22个月内进行了一项前瞻性观察性研究，使用为两家医院服务的12个消防部门。在每次MVC事故现场拍摄两张车辆照片（外部和内部）。通过使用标准化评分系统对照片进行分级来确定车辆变量，并通过查阅病历收集每位患者的结局信息。
559名患者纳入本研究。正面碰撞和乘客空间侵入（PSI）增加与头部、面部和下肢损伤相关，而后方碰撞与脊柱损伤相关。使用安全带对头部、面部以及上肢和下肢损伤有保护作用，但与脊柱损伤几率较高相关。未使用安全带、PSI增加和方向盘变形与住院时间延长和住院费用增加相关，但在调整其他碰撞变量后，只有方向盘变形与损伤严重程度增加相关。
从事故车辆照片获得的院外变量与未配备安全气囊的MVC患者的损伤部位、损伤严重程度、住院时间和住院费用相关。
