Moss Sharon E, Polignano Ellen, White Cynthia L, Minichiello Marcia D, Sunderland Trey
Research Resources & Advocacy, Speech, Language, Hearing Science and Research Unit, American Speech-Language-Hearing Association, 10801 Rockville Pike, Rockville, MD 20852, USA.
J Gerontol Nurs. 2002 Aug;28(8):36-44. doi: 10.3928/0098-9134-20020801-09.
Reminiscence is an enriching and complex experience having many purposes and functions when used with patients with Alzheimer's disease (AD). Discourse is a component of language that has been shown to decline in patients with AD (Mentis, Briggs-Whittaker, & Gramigna, 1995). This article represents one of the first studies to examine the effects of reminiscence group (RG) activities on discourse interactions in patients with AD. This article specifically addresses the AD population within a RG setting. Observations suggested that objective ratings of conversational discourse would be better (less impaired) in patients with AD when obtained in relatively unstructured environments (e.g., during RG activity) as compared to ratings obtained in conversational environments imposing more structure (e.g., a session in which language function was being evaluated). Comparisons made of conversational and narrative discourse skills observed during different testing environments in patients with AD revealed predicted outcomes. That is, discourse elicited in an environment that was less structured yielded qualitatively better discourse patterns, particularly related to selecting and maintaining a topic, requesting additional information about a topic, changing a topic during conversation, and turn-taking. Results are discussed in terms of their relevance to gerontological nurses managing patients with AD.
回忆是一种丰富而复杂的体验，当与阿尔茨海默病（AD）患者一起使用时，具有多种目的和功能。语篇是语言的一个组成部分，已被证明在AD患者中会下降（门蒂斯、布里格斯 - 惠塔克和格拉米尼亚，1995年）。本文是最早研究回忆小组（RG）活动对AD患者语篇互动影响的研究之一。本文特别关注RG环境中的AD人群。观察结果表明，与在结构化程度更高的对话环境（例如，评估语言功能的会话）中获得的评分相比，在相对非结构化的环境（例如，在RG活动期间）中获得AD患者对话语篇的客观评分会更好（受损更少）。对AD患者在不同测试环境中观察到的对话和叙事语篇技能进行的比较揭示了预期的结果。也就是说，在结构化程度较低的环境中引发的语篇产生了质量上更好的语篇模式，特别是在选择和维持话题、请求有关话题的更多信息、在对话中改变话题以及轮流发言方面。本文根据研究结果与管理AD患者的老年护理护士的相关性进行了讨论。
