Henner J, Poncet P A, Aebi L, Hagger C, Stranzinger G, Rieder S
Institut für Nutztierwissenschaften der ETH Zürich.
Schweiz Arch Tierheilkd. 2002 Aug;144(8):405-12. doi: 10.1024/0036-7281.144.8.405.
Coat color played an important role during domestication and formation of breeds. Livestock breeders often had special preferences for particular color phenotypes because they believed them to be associated with performance or fitness traits. Socio-cultural reasons might have had an influence on color selection as well. Recently genetic tests on DNA level got available to genotype in any individual horse for basic horse coat colors (chestnut, bay, black). In particular, hidden carriers of the recessive chestnut and black allele are recognizable with these tests. A sample of 162 Franches-Montagnes horses from Switzerland was genotyped for the alleles for chestnut and black. The analysis of allele frequencies revealed a high prevalence of the chestnut allele and a low frequency of the black allele in this population. Rare colors are in demand on the market. The statistical analysis of 1369 offspring from five stallions indicate, that darker shades of basic color phenotypes (dark chestnut, dark bay) follow a recessive mode of inheritance in the Franches-Montagnes horse breed.
毛色在驯化和品种形成过程中起着重要作用。家畜育种者通常对特定的毛色表型有特殊偏好，因为他们认为这些毛色与性能或健康特征有关。社会文化因素可能也对毛色选择产生了影响。最近，DNA水平的基因检测可用于对任何一匹马的基本毛色（栗色、枣色、黑色）进行基因分型。特别是，通过这些检测可以识别出隐性栗色和黑色等位基因的隐藏携带者。对来自瑞士的162匹汝拉山马样本进行了栗色和黑色等位基因的基因分型。等位基因频率分析显示，该种群中栗色等位基因的患病率很高，而黑色等位基因的频率很低。市场上对稀有毛色有需求。对五匹种马的1369匹后代进行的统计分析表明，在汝拉山马品种中，基本毛色表型的深色（深栗色、深枣色）遵循隐性遗传模式。
