Mechanic David, Blider Scott, McAlpine Donna D
Institute for Health, Health Care Policy, and Aging Research, Rutgers, State University, New Brunswick, New Jersey, USA.
Health Aff (Millwood). 2002 Sep-Oct;21(5):242-53. doi: 10.1377/hlthaff.21.5.242.
Data from various national surveys find that approximately half the population with mental disorders is gainfully employed across the entire range of occupations; such persons have an employment rate of about two-thirds that of the general population. More than a third of persons with serious mental illness also work, and many hold high-status positions. Among those with schizophrenia, a diagnosis associated with high impairment, only slightly more than a fifth are at work, and 12 percent are working full time. Approximately two-thirds are enrolled in federal disability insurance programs. Our analyses indicate considerable diversity of jobs among persons with various mental disorders. Most persons with mental illness want to work, and some with even the most serious mental disorders hold jobs requiring high levels of functioning. Educational attainment is the strongest predictor of employment in high-ranking occupations among both the general population and persons with mental disorders.
来自各项全国性调查的数据显示，在所有职业领域中，约有一半患有精神障碍的人口从事有酬工作；这类人群的就业率约为普通人群的三分之二。超过三分之一的严重精神疾病患者也在工作，其中许多人担任着高地位的职位。在患有精神分裂症（一种与高损伤相关的诊断）的人群中，只有略多于五分之一的人在工作，12%的人全职工作。大约三分之二的人参加了联邦残疾保险计划。我们的分析表明，患有各种精神障碍的人群所从事的工作具有相当大的多样性。大多数患有精神疾病的人都想工作，一些患有甚至最严重精神障碍的人从事着需要高功能水平的工作。在普通人群和患有精神障碍的人群中，受教育程度都是在高级职业中就业的最强预测因素。
