Manning P, Goodman P, Kinsella T, Lawlor M, Kirby B, Clancy L
Department of Respiratory Medicine, CResT Directorate, St. James Hospital & Trinity College, Dublin, Ireland.
Ir Med J. 2002 Jul-Aug;95(7):202-4.
This study was undertaken to examine the prevalence of bronchitis (cough with phlegm) symptoms in teenagers who either smoked cigarettes on a regular basis (active smokers) or were non-smokers but who are exposed to passive smoking (passive smokers) in the home. The study was undertaken in 1995 and repeated in 1998. The 1995 study was a cross sectional questionnaire survey of smoking habits in secondary school children aged 13-14 years and was undertaken as part of the ISAAC questionnaire survey. Thirty representative and randomly selected schools from throughout the Republic of Ireland took part in the study. In the 1995 study, 3066 students completed a questionnaire on their current smoking habits and symptoms of cough and phlegm. We found that 634 (20.7%) of these young teenagers actively smoked cigarettes with significantly more females smoking than males with 23.3% of girls compared to 17.6% boys (p = 0.0001). We found that 46.3% of non-smoking children were exposed to smoking in the home (passive smokers) with parental smoking accounting for most of the passive smoking. Bronchitis symptoms were more commonly reported in active smokers compared to non-smokers with an odds ratio of 3.02 (95% CI 2.34-3.88) (p < 0.0001) or in passive smokers compared to those not exposed to smoking with odds ratio of 1.82 (95% CI 1.32-2.52) (p < 0.0001). The 1998 study showed similar results for smoking habits, passive smoking and prevalence of bronchitis symptoms as with the 1995 study. These results document that increased bronchitis symptoms occur in teenagers exposed to active or passive smoking.
本研究旨在调查经常吸烟的青少年（主动吸烟者）或不吸烟但在家中接触二手烟的青少年（被动吸烟者）中支气管炎（咳嗽伴咳痰）症状的患病率。该研究于1995年进行，并于1998年重复。1995年的研究是对13 - 14岁中学生吸烟习惯的横断面问卷调查，是国际儿童哮喘和过敏研究（ISAAC）问卷调查的一部分。从爱尔兰共和国各地随机选取了30所具有代表性的学校参与研究。在1995年的研究中，3066名学生完成了关于他们当前吸烟习惯以及咳嗽和咳痰症状的问卷。我们发现，这些青少年中有634人（20.7%）积极吸烟，其中女性吸烟人数明显多于男性，女孩为23.3%，男孩为17.6%（p = 0.0001）。我们发现，46.3%的不吸烟儿童在家中接触到吸烟（被动吸烟者），其中父母吸烟占大部分二手烟接触情况。与不吸烟者相比，主动吸烟者更常报告有支气管炎症状，优势比为3.02（95%可信区间2.34 - 3.88）（p < 0.0001）；与未接触吸烟的人相比，被动吸烟者也更常报告有支气管炎症状，优势比为1.82（9 / 5%可信区间1.32 - 2.52）（p < 0.0001）。1998年的研究在吸烟习惯、二手烟接触情况和支气管炎症状患病率方面显示出与1995年研究相似的结果。这些结果表明，接触主动吸烟或二手烟的青少年中支气管炎症状有所增加。
