Kirsch R, Guinier D, Meens R
J Physiol (Paris). 1975 Dec;70(5):605-26.
10 New experimental devices are described which allow chonic measurements of drinking rate and osmotic gill permeability in the eel. 20 The oesophagus of the seawater (SW) silver eel plays a role in osmoregulation. It decreases the concentration of Cl- and Na+ of the ingested SW without losing water in the serosal to mucosal direction. This allows for immediate water absorption in the intestine and decreases the quantity of ions actively absorbed by the intestine. In the freshwater (FW) silver eel, the oesophagus is impermeable to water, Cl- and Na+. The ionic impermeability exists only in the serosal to mucosal direction. A mucosal to serosal permeability to Cl- and Na+ exists in the FW oesophagus receiving hypertonic drinking water, this promotes seawater adaptation. 30 The osmotic gill permeability, measured in vivo in the silver eel, is very low in FW and decreases slightly in SW. Thus, the silver eel has an osmotic gill permeability preadapted to SW life. The kinetics of FW to SW adaptation are described.
本文描述了10种新的实验装置，这些装置可以对鳗鱼的饮水速率和鳃的渗透通透性进行长期测量。海水银鳗的食管在渗透调节中发挥作用。它能降低摄入海水中氯离子和钠离子的浓度，且不会在浆膜向黏膜方向失水。这使得肠道能够立即吸收水分，并减少肠道主动吸收的离子量。在淡水银鳗中，食管对水、氯离子和钠离子是不可渗透的。这种离子不可渗透性仅存在于浆膜向黏膜的方向。在接受高渗饮用水的淡水银鳗食管中，存在从黏膜到浆膜对氯离子和钠离子的通透性，这有助于其适应海水环境。在银鳗体内测量的鳃渗透通透性，在淡水中非常低，在海水中略有下降。因此，银鳗具有预先适应海水生活的鳃渗透通透性。本文还描述了从淡水到海水适应的动力学过程。
