De Curtis M, Pieltain C, Rigo J
Dipartimento Materno-Infantile, University of Palermo, 90142 Palermo, Italy.
Eur J Nutr. 2002 Aug;41(4):177-82. doi: 10.1007/s00394-002-0374-2.
Most preterm infants are still preterm and have a low birth weight when they are discharged from the hospital. An important issue is whether the long-term consequences of early growth restriction can be diminished by nutritional intervention in preterm infants after discharge from the hospital.
To evaluate differences in growth and in weight gain composition of preterm infants fed standard term formula (SF) or enriched formula (PDF) after discharge from hospital during the first 2 months of life.
Thirty-three healthy preterm infants, birth weight < 1750 g at gestational age < 35 weeks, were randomised to SF or PDF at the time of discharge from hospital. Anthropometric variables were studied longitudinally and body composition was measured using dual energy x-ray absorptiometry (DEXA) twice, before hospital discharge and two months later. Weight gain composition was calculated as the difference between the two determinations.
Seventeen infants were fed SF and 16 PDF. Anthropometric variables and whole body composition were similar at birth, at the start of the nutritional study (mean age 45 days), and at the end of the study 2 months later. Over the whole study period, weight gain and weight gain composition were similar in the two groups. Sex did not appear to influence weight gain and weight gain composition. In infants with growth restriction at discharge there was a significant reduction of weight gain, fat mass gain, and bone mineral content deposition independently of the formula provided.
There is no immediate effect on preterm infants of a nutrient enriched formula compared with a standard formula on growth, weight gain, or weight gain composition.
大多数早产儿出院时仍处于早产状态且出生体重较低。一个重要问题是，出院后对早产儿进行营养干预是否能够减轻早期生长受限的长期后果。
评估出院后的早产婴儿在出生后头2个月内喂养标准足月儿配方奶粉（SF）或强化配方奶粉（PDF）时，其生长及体重增加构成方面的差异。
33名健康早产儿，胎龄<35周且出生体重<1750g，在出院时被随机分为SF组或PDF组。对人体测量学变量进行纵向研究，并在出院前及2个月后使用双能X线吸收法（DEXA）两次测量身体成分。体重增加构成通过两次测量结果的差值计算得出。
17名婴儿喂养SF，16名喂养PDF。出生时、营养研究开始时（平均年龄45天）及2个月后的研究结束时，人体测量学变量和全身成分相似。在整个研究期间，两组的体重增加及体重增加构成相似。性别似乎不影响体重增加及体重增加构成。出院时存在生长受限的婴儿，无论提供何种配方奶粉，其体重增加、脂肪量增加及骨矿物质含量沉积均显著减少。
与标准配方奶粉相比，营养强化配方奶粉对早产儿的生长、体重增加或体重增加构成没有即刻影响。
