Dieng H, Boots M, Tuno N, Tsuda Y, Takagi M
Department of Vector Ecology and Environment, Institute of Tropical Medicine, Nagasaki, Japan.
Med Vet Entomol. 2002 Sep;16(3):285-91. doi: 10.1046/j.1365-2915.2002.00377.x.
The use of the cyclopoid copepods Macrocyclops distinctus (Richard) Megacyclops viridis (Jurine) and Mesocyclops pehpeiensis Hu (Cyclopoida: Cyclopidae) as biological control agents against the dengue vector Aedes albopictus (Skuse) (Diptera: Culicidae) was evaluated. In the laboratory their predatory ability was highest against the younger instars of Ae. albopictus and none of the three copepods killed the fourth instar. Except for M. viridis, predatory ability was affected by the size of the container: the smaller the container, the higher the predation. A 4-month field test was conducted to examine the impact of these predators on wild Ae. albopictus. Thirty artificial containers were placed in a peridomestic area to allow Ae. albopictus colonization. We showed continuous and similar oviposition responses in treated and control containers. The densities of Ae. albopictus showed considerable short-term changes and were much reduced by the copepod species. Macrocyclops and the mixture of all three provided better Ae. albopictus control than either Megacyclops or Mesocyclops alone. When larval densities peaked in the control containers in August and September, the overall reduction due to the copepods was nearly complete. Mesocyclops inoculated alone had the highest population survival. However, the growth and survival of all the copepod species was poor when the three genera were mixed. Based on their performance and survival in the trial, Macrocyclops and Mesocyclops merit consideration as bio-control agents of Ae. albopictus.
评估了剑水蚤类桡足动物罗氏中剑水蚤（Richard）、绿色大剑水蚤（Jurine）和佩氏中剑水蚤（Hu）（剑水蚤目：剑水蚤科）作为登革热媒介白纹伊蚊（Skuse）（双翅目：蚊科）生物防治剂的用途。在实验室中，它们对白纹伊蚊幼龄幼虫的捕食能力最强，三种桡足动物均未杀死四龄幼虫。除绿色大剑水蚤外，捕食能力受容器大小的影响：容器越小，捕食率越高。进行了为期4个月的田间试验，以检验这些捕食者对野生白纹伊蚊的影响。在住宅周边区域放置了30个人工容器，以使白纹伊蚊定殖。我们发现处理过的容器和对照容器中有持续且相似的产卵反应。白纹伊蚊的密度显示出相当大的短期变化，并且被捕食性桡足类物种大大降低。中剑水蚤和所有三种的混合物对白纹伊蚊的控制效果比单独使用大剑水蚤或中剑水蚤更好。当对照容器中的幼虫密度在8月和9月达到峰值时，由于桡足类动物造成的总体减少几乎完成。单独接种的中剑水蚤种群存活率最高。然而，当这三个属混合时，所有桡足类物种的生长和存活情况都很差。基于它们在试验中的表现和存活情况，中剑水蚤和罗氏中剑水蚤值得考虑作为白纹伊蚊的生物防治剂。
