Bouvier L F, Poston D L, Zhai N B
Int Migr Rev. 1997 Summer;31(2):294-311.
"In a country such as the United States, the contribution of net international migration to overall population change overshadows the contribution of natural increase.... Some analysts have assumed that if the same number of people leave and enter the country each year, then the effect of net international migration will be zero. This article examines that assumption and shows that it is fallacious. Examining the direct, indirect, total, and negative demographic impacts of zero net international migration through simulations with demographic data, we demonstrate that zero net international migration is not the same and therefore does not have the same demographic results and implications as zero international migration. We conclude that zero net international migration should not be confused with zero international migration."
在像美国这样的国家，国际净移民对总体人口变化的贡献超过了自然增长的贡献……一些分析人士认为，如果每年离开和进入该国的人数相同，那么国际净移民的影响将为零。本文审视了这一假设，并表明它是错误的。通过使用人口数据进行模拟，研究国际净移民为零的直接、间接、总体和负面人口影响，我们证明国际净移民为零与国际移民为零不同，因此不会产生相同的人口结果和影响。我们得出结论，不应将国际净移民为零与国际移民为零相混淆。
