De Jongh A, van der Burg J, van Overmeir M, Aartman I, van Zuuren F J
Department of Social Dentistry and Dental Health Education, Academic Centre for Dentistry Amsterdam, The Netherlands.
Behav Res Ther. 2002 Sep;40(9):1017-29. doi: 10.1016/s0005-7967(01)00081-x.
This study assessed trauma-related sequelae of 56 highly anxious patients attending a dental fear clinic. It was also examined whether such symptomatology interferes with anxiety reduction in response to a cognitive-behavioral treatment approach. About 34 patients (59%) indicated that they had experienced one or more aversive dental events that could explain the onset of their dental anxiety. There was no difference between the dental anxiety scores of patients who reported such a background and those who did not. Severity of trauma-related symptomatology was indexed by the Impact of Event Scale (IES). The mean IES score of patients with a traumatically induced dental fear was remarkably high (33.0; SD=19.7). Furthermore, there was a strong direct relationship between severity of trauma-related symptomatology and severity of dental anxiety (shared variance was 38%). Two patients (10%) met all DSM-IV diagnostic criteria for Posttraumatic Stress Disorder (PTSD) on the basis of the Self-Rating Scale for PTSD. However, no evidence was found to suggest that either a traumatic background, or level of trauma-related symptomatology, has a negative effect on treatment outcome.
本研究评估了56名前往牙科恐惧症诊所就诊的高度焦虑患者与创伤相关的后遗症。同时还研究了这种症状是否会干扰认知行为治疗方法对焦虑的缓解效果。约34名患者（59%）表示他们曾经历过一次或多次不良牙科事件，这些事件可以解释他们牙科焦虑的发作。报告有此类背景的患者与没有此类背景的患者在牙科焦虑评分上没有差异。创伤相关症状的严重程度通过事件影响量表（IES）来衡量。因创伤导致牙科恐惧的患者的IES平均得分非常高（33.0；标准差=19.7）。此外，创伤相关症状的严重程度与牙科焦虑的严重程度之间存在很强的直接关系（共同方差为38%）。根据创伤后应激障碍自评量表，两名患者（10%）符合DSM-IV创伤后应激障碍（PTSD）的所有诊断标准。然而，没有证据表明创伤背景或创伤相关症状的程度对治疗结果有负面影响。
