Wahle K W J, Heys S D
Rowett Research Institut, Bucksburn, Aberdeen, Scotland, UK.
Prostaglandins Leukot Essent Fatty Acids. 2002 Aug-Sep;67(2-3):183-6. doi: 10.1054/plef.2002.0416.
Fats have been adversely implicated in the aetiology of many forms of cancer yet evidence is accumulating that certain types of fatty acids have anticancer properties. This is well documented for fish-oil fatty acids of the n-3 family. Recently, fatty acids found to occur naturally in ruminant-derived food products were found to have anticancer properties. These fatty acids were identified as conjugated linoleic acids (CLAs) derived from the parent linoleic acid by its partial hydrogenation by rumen bacteria. Studies with tumour-bearing animals have shown that consumption of CLAs particularly with regard to breast and prostate cancer is beneficial. Studies with cancer cells have also shown that these fatty acids can inhibit cell proliferation and induce cell death. However, little is known regarding the mechanisms of action of these CLAs. In particular, which cellular signal mechanisms are regulated by CLAs which can explain their anticancer properties. We have shown that CLAs specifically up-regulate cell signal systems at the level of gene expression (mRNA, protein) in human breast and prostate cancer cells which are responsible for the induction of apoptosis or programmed cell death. These findings support the anticancer effects of CLA found in animal models and indicate similar effects could occur in man.
脂肪在多种癌症的病因中被认为有不利影响，但越来越多的证据表明某些类型的脂肪酸具有抗癌特性。这在n-3族鱼油脂肪酸方面有充分记录。最近发现，反刍动物衍生食品中天然存在的脂肪酸具有抗癌特性。这些脂肪酸被鉴定为共轭亚油酸（CLA），它由瘤胃细菌对母体亚油酸进行部分氢化而产生。对荷瘤动物的研究表明，食用CLA对乳腺癌和前列腺癌尤其有益。对癌细胞的研究也表明，这些脂肪酸可以抑制细胞增殖并诱导细胞死亡。然而，关于这些CLA的作用机制知之甚少。特别是，CLA调节哪些细胞信号机制可以解释它们的抗癌特性。我们已经表明，CLA在人乳腺癌和前列腺癌细胞的基因表达（mRNA、蛋白质）水平上特异性地上调细胞信号系统，这会导致细胞凋亡或程序性细胞死亡。这些发现支持了在动物模型中发现的CLA的抗癌作用，并表明在人类中可能会出现类似的效果。
