Nathanson C A
Annu Rev Sociol. 1984;10:191-213. doi: 10.1146/annurev.so.10.080184.001203.
"Patterns of sex differences in mortality in developed and developing countries are briefly described, and the range of explanatory approaches that have been used to account for these differences are reviewed. Attention is primarily focused on the higher male than female mortality rate in developed countries. Biological and behavioral/environmental perspectives on these differences are considered in some detail. It is concluded that a specifically sociological approach to sex differences in mortality requires both greater attention to the spectrum of variation within and across societies and a more complex model of causality that takes account of gender differences in the nature of mortality risks."
简要描述了发达国家和发展中国家死亡率性别差异的模式，并回顾了用于解释这些差异的一系列解释方法。主要关注的是发达国家男性死亡率高于女性的情况。对这些差异的生物学和行为/环境观点进行了较为详细的探讨。得出的结论是，一种专门针对死亡率性别差异的社会学方法需要更加关注社会内部和社会之间的变化范围，以及一个更复杂的因果关系模型，该模型要考虑到死亡风险性质方面的性别差异。
