Metabolism of the mouse made obese by a high-fat diet.

Lean mice were made obese by feeding, ad libitum, a high-lard diet. They showed an increased fat cell size and number which were maintained when this diet was replaced by the control high-carbohydrate diet for 10 weeks. Obese fed mice showed normal glucose and insulin serum levels, but insulinaemia was elevated after an overnight fast. The insulinaemic response after intraperitoneal injection of glucose was insignificant. Thus hyperinsulinism is not a prerequisite for the development of obesity. High-fat diet influenced, in vitro, glucose metabolism of adipose tissue, liver and muscle: basal lipogenesis was markedly reduced in adipose tissue and liver, and glucose oxidation was decreased in muscle. Insulin sensitivity was reduced by increased fat cell size. De novo formation of fatty acids in liver and adipose tissue did not contribute to the development of obesity. The increased lipoprotein lipase activity of the large fat cells suggested that obesity resulted from a direct storage of dietary fatty acids esterified by glycerol formed from circulating glucose.