Page Amanda J
Adelaide Medical School, University of Adelaide, Adelaide, SA 5000, Australia.
Nutrition, Diabetes and Gut Health, Lifelong Health Theme, South Australian Health and Medical Research Institution (SAHMRI), Adelaide, SA 5000, Australia.
Nutrients. 2021 Mar 5;13(3):844. doi: 10.3390/nu13030844.
Gastrointestinal vagal afferents (VAs) play an important role in food intake regulation, providing the brain with information on the amount and nutrient composition of a meal. This is processed, eventually leading to meal termination. The response of gastric VAs, to food-related stimuli, is under circadian control and fluctuates depending on the time of day. These rhythms are highly correlated with meal size, with a nadir in VA sensitivity and increase in meal size during the dark phase and a peak in sensitivity and decrease in meal size during the light phase in mice. These rhythms are disrupted in diet-induced obesity and simulated shift work conditions and associated with disrupted food intake patterns. In diet-induced obesity the dampened responses during the light phase are not simply reversed by reverting back to a normal diet. However, time restricted feeding prevents loss of diurnal rhythms in VA signalling in high fat diet-fed mice and, therefore, provides a potential strategy to reset diurnal rhythms in VA signalling to a pre-obese phenotype. This review discusses the role of the circadian system in the regulation of gastrointestinal VA signals and the impact of factors, such as diet-induced obesity and shift work, on these rhythms.
胃肠道迷走传入神经（VAs）在食物摄入调节中发挥着重要作用，为大脑提供有关一餐的量和营养成分的信息。这些信息经过处理，最终导致进食终止。胃VAs对与食物相关刺激的反应受昼夜节律控制，并根据一天中的时间而波动。这些节律与进食量高度相关，在小鼠中，VA敏感性在黑暗阶段达到最低点，进食量增加，而在光照阶段敏感性达到峰值，进食量减少。这些节律在饮食诱导的肥胖和模拟轮班工作条件下会被打乱，并与紊乱的食物摄入模式相关。在饮食诱导的肥胖中，光照阶段减弱的反应不会仅仅通过恢复正常饮食而简单逆转。然而，限时进食可防止高脂饮食喂养小鼠的VA信号昼夜节律丧失，因此，提供了一种将VA信号昼夜节律重置为肥胖前表型的潜在策略。本综述讨论了昼夜节律系统在胃肠道VA信号调节中的作用，以及饮食诱导的肥胖和轮班工作等因素对这些节律的影响。
