Proctor Spencer D, Vine Donna F, Mamo John C L
Department of Nutrition, Dietetics and Food Science, School of Public Health, Curtin University, Perth, Western Australia 6845.
Curr Opin Lipidol. 2002 Oct;13(5):461-70. doi: 10.1097/00041433-200210000-00001.
The "response to retention" hypothesis of atherosclerosis suggests that the arterial deposition of cholesterol is directly proportional to the concentration of circulating plasma lipoproteins. However, there is increasing evidence to support the concept that specific lipoproteins may be preferentially retained within the arterial wall, possibly as a result of greater affinity for cell surface and extracellular matrices.
Recently, key studies have provided insight into mechanisms involved in the interaction of apolipoprotein B (apoB)-containing lipoproteins with extracellular matrices. In addition, novel methods and innovative experimental design has enabled us to differentiate between the delivery, retention and efflux of apoB(48)- and apoB(100)-containing lipoproteins. Other studies have demonstrated a relationship between extracellular matrix proteoglycan expression and the development of atherosclerosis. Discussion in the present review also extends to the mechanisms that are involved in the relative intimal retention of apoB(48)- and apoB(100)-containing lipoproteins in order to explain the atherogenicity of these macromolecules.
The perspective of this review is to highlight recent advances in the area of arterial lipoprotein retention and the physiological significance these processes may have in the aetiology of cardiovascular disease. Importantly, an understanding of the mechanisms responsible for the retention of apoB(48)/B(100)-containing lipoproteins will enable new strategies to be developed for the future management of cardiovascular disease.
动脉粥样硬化的“保留反应”假说表明，胆固醇在动脉中的沉积与循环血浆脂蛋白的浓度成正比。然而，越来越多的证据支持这样一种观点，即特定的脂蛋白可能优先保留在动脉壁内，这可能是由于对细胞表面和细胞外基质具有更高的亲和力。
最近，关键研究深入探讨了含载脂蛋白B（apoB）的脂蛋白与细胞外基质相互作用的机制。此外，新方法和创新的实验设计使我们能够区分含apoB(48)和apoB(100)的脂蛋白的递送、保留和流出。其他研究表明细胞外基质蛋白聚糖表达与动脉粥样硬化的发展之间存在关联。本综述中的讨论还扩展到了含apoB(48)和apoB(100)的脂蛋白在内膜相对保留的机制，以解释这些大分子的致动脉粥样硬化性。
本综述的观点是强调动脉脂蛋白保留领域的最新进展以及这些过程在心血管疾病病因学中可能具有的生理意义。重要的是，了解含apoB(48)/B(100)的脂蛋白保留的机制将有助于为未来心血管疾病的管理制定新策略。
