Kilsztajn Samuel, Camara Marcelo Bozzini Da, Carmo Manuela Santos Nunes Do
Laboratório de Economia Social, Programa de Estudos Pós-Graduados em Economia Política, PUCSP, S. Paulo, SP, Brazil.
Rev Assoc Med Bras (1992). 2002 Jul-Sep;48(3):258-62. doi: 10.1590/s0104-42302002000300041.
This paper analyses the share of the family private health expenditures in the Brazilian GDP and in personal income; and the distribution of the family private health expenditures among social groups.
The research utilized the 1998 Brazilian Home Sample Survey (Pesquisa Nacional por Amostra de Domicilios) with the division of the population into four social groups according to the family income per capita; and the distribution of the family private health expenditures among health insurance, physicians, other health professionals, medical tests, drugs, orthopedic and other medical durables, vision products, dental services, hospital care, nursing home care and other health spending.
In 1998, only 7.2% of the population with family income per capita up to 1 minimum wage had health insurance and the health expenditures of this group, that represented 52.5% of the population, was US$ 4.62 per capita. For the people with 9 and more minimum wages per capita the health insurance coverage was 83.2% and the health expenditures was US$ 114.66 per capita.
The implementation of the Brazilian public universal health care system in 1988 denominated "Sistema Unico de Saude" was followed by an expressive expansion of private insurance coverage in the 1990's. Even if all public health expenditures had been exclusively directed to the population without any private insurance, these people's health expenditures would only reach 43% of the health expenditures of those with private insurance.
本文分析了巴西家庭私人医疗支出在国内生产总值（GDP）和个人收入中所占的份额；以及家庭私人医疗支出在社会群体中的分布情况。
该研究采用了1998年巴西家庭抽样调查（全国住户抽样调查），根据人均家庭收入将人口划分为四个社会群体；并分析了家庭私人医疗支出在医疗保险、医生、其他医疗专业人员、医学检查、药品、矫形及其他医疗耐用设备、视力产品、牙科服务、医院护理、养老院护理和其他医疗支出之间的分布情况。
1998年，人均家庭收入低于1个最低工资标准的人群中，只有7.2%拥有医疗保险，该群体占总人口的52.5%，人均医疗支出为4.62美元。对于人均收入达到9个及以上最低工资标准的人群，医疗保险覆盖率为83.2%，人均医疗支出为114.66美元。
1988年巴西实施了名为“单一健康系统”的公共全民医疗保健系统，随后在20世纪90年代私人保险覆盖范围显著扩大。即使所有公共医疗支出都专门用于没有任何私人保险的人群，这些人的医疗支出也仅能达到有私人保险人群医疗支出的43%。
