Hötzel Isidro, Cheevers William
Department of Veterinary Microbiology and Pathology, Washington State University Pullman, Washington, 99164-7040, USA.
Virology. 2002 Sep 15;301(1):21-31. doi: 10.1006/viro.2002.1575.
The ovine maedi-visna (MVV) and caprine arthritis-encephalitis (CAEV) small ruminant lentiviruses (SRLV) exhibit differential species tropism and cytopathic effects in vitro. Icelandic MVV-K1514 is a lytic SRLV which can infect cells from many species in addition to ruminants, whereas a lytic North American MVV strain (85/34) as well as nonlytic MVV strain S93 and CAEV can infect only ruminant cells. In the present study, we determined if differential receptor usage in sheep and goat cells is the basis of differential species tropism or cytopathic phenotype of SRLV. Infection interference assays in sheep and goat synovial membrane cells using pseudotyped CAEV vectors showed that North American MVV strains 85/34 and S93 and CAEV use a common receptor (SRLV receptor A), whereas MVV-K1514 uses a different receptor (SRLV receptor B). In addition, human 293T cells expressing CAEV but not MVV-K1514 envelope glycoproteins fused with a goat cell line persistently infected with MVV-K1514, indicating that MVV-K1514 does not use SRLV receptor A for cell-to-cell fusion. Therefore, our results indicate that the differential species tropism of SRLV is determined by receptor usage. However, receptor usage is unrelated to cytopathic phenotype.
绵羊梅迪-维斯纳病毒（MVV）和山羊关节炎-脑炎病毒（CAEV）这两种小反刍兽慢病毒（SRLV）在体外表现出不同的宿主嗜性和细胞病变效应。冰岛MVV-K1514是一种裂解性SRLV，除反刍动物外，它还能感染许多物种的细胞，而一种裂解性北美MVV毒株（85/34）以及非裂解性MVV毒株S93和CAEV仅能感染反刍动物细胞。在本研究中，我们确定了绵羊和山羊细胞中不同的受体利用情况是否是SRLV不同宿主嗜性或细胞病变表型的基础。使用假型CAEV载体对绵羊和山羊滑膜细胞进行的感染干扰试验表明，北美MVV毒株85/34和S93以及CAEV使用共同的受体（SRLV受体A），而MVV-K1514使用不同的受体（SRLV受体B）。此外，表达CAEV但不表达与持续感染MVV-K1514的山羊细胞系融合的MVV-K1514包膜糖蛋白的人293T细胞，表明MVV-K1514在细胞间融合过程中不使用SRLV受体A。因此，我们的结果表明，SRLV的不同宿主嗜性是由受体利用情况决定的。然而，受体利用情况与细胞病变表型无关。
