Franklyn Melanie, Fitzharris Michael, Yang King, Frampton Richard, Morris Andrew, Fildes Brian
Accident Research Centre, Monash University, Melbourne, Australia.
Annu Proc Assoc Adv Automot Med. 2002;46:113-24.
Injuries to the aorta are among the more serious injuries that result from vehicle impacts, and may often be fatal. This paper examined the incidence of aortic injuries in the US and UK using real-world crash data. The main outcome of interest was the level of risk associated with each principal direction of force for drivers and front seat passengers with respect to sustaining aortic injuries. The results indicate that the risk of sustaining an injury to the aorta is greater for near side crashes than for far side crashes. Further, it is apparent that given a near side crash, the risk of an aortic injury is greater on the left side of the body (and left side of the vehicle) than on the right. It was also found that the delta-V of crashes where occupants sustained an injury to the aorta was considerably higher than crashes where occupants did not sustain aortic injuries. It was speculated that the anatomical asymmetry of the thorax might play a role in the differences seen in injury risk associated with different impact directions. Limitations and further planned research are discussed.
主动脉损伤是车辆碰撞导致的较为严重的损伤之一，且常常可能致命。本文利用实际碰撞数据研究了美国和英国主动脉损伤的发生率。主要关注的结果是，对于驾驶员和前排乘客而言，与每种主要受力方向相关的主动脉损伤风险水平。结果表明，近侧碰撞导致主动脉损伤的风险高于远侧碰撞。此外，很明显，在近侧碰撞中，身体左侧（以及车辆左侧）发生主动脉损伤的风险高于右侧。研究还发现，乘客发生主动脉损伤的碰撞中速度变化量远高于乘客未发生主动脉损伤的碰撞。据推测，胸部的解剖学不对称可能在不同碰撞方向相关的损伤风险差异中起作用。文中讨论了研究的局限性和进一步的研究计划。
