Pintar Frank A, Yoganandan Narayan, Stemper Brian D, Bostrom Ola, Rouhana Stephen W, Smith Stuart, Sparke Laurie, Fildes Brian N, Digges Kennerly H
Medical College of Wisconsin, Milwaukee Wisconsin, USA.
Annu Proc Assoc Adv Automot Med. 2006;50:199-219.
Far side impact trauma has been demonstrated as a significant portion of the total trauma in side impacts. The objective of the study was to assess the potential usefulness of countermeasures and assess the trade-offs associated with generic countermeasure design. Because the WorldSID dummy has demonstrated promise as a potential far side impact dummy, it was chosen to assess countermeasures in this mode. A unique far side impact buck was designed for a sled test system that included, as a standard configuration, a center console and outboard three-point belt system. This configuration assumed a left side driver with a right side impact. The buck allowed for additional options of generic restraints including shoulder or thorax plates or an inboard shoulder belt. The entire buck could be mounted on the sled in either a 90-degree (3-o'clock PDOF) or a 60-degree (2-o'clock PDOF) orientation. A total of 19 WorldSID tests were completed. The inboard shoulder belt configuration produced high shear forces in the lower neck (2430 N) when the belt position was placed over the mid portion of the neck. Shear forces were reduced and of opposite sign when the inboard belt position was horizontal and over the shoulder; forces were similar to the standard outboard belt configuration (830 - 1100 N). A shoulder or thorax restraint was effective in limiting the head excursion, but each caused significant displacement at the corresponding region on the dummy. A shoulder restraint resulted in shoulder displacements of 30 - 43 mm. A thorax restraint caused thorax deflections of 39 - 64 mm. Inboard restraints for far side impacts can be effective in reducing head excursion but the specific design and placement of these restraints determine their overall injury mitigating characteristics.
远侧碰撞创伤已被证明是侧面碰撞中总创伤的重要组成部分。本研究的目的是评估对策的潜在效用，并评估与通用对策设计相关的权衡取舍。由于WorldSID假人已展现出作为潜在远侧碰撞假人的前景，因此选择它来评估这种模式下的对策。为雪橇测试系统设计了一种独特的远侧碰撞台车，其标准配置包括中控台和外侧三点式安全带系统。这种配置假设左侧为驾驶员，右侧发生碰撞。该台车允许使用包括肩部或胸部护板或内侧肩带在内的通用约束装置的其他选项。整个台车可以以90度（3点位置的被动自由度）或60度（2点位置的被动自由度）的方向安装在雪橇上。总共完成了19次WorldSID测试。当内侧肩带位置位于颈部中部上方时，内侧肩带配置在颈部下方产生了高剪切力（2430 N）。当内侧安全带位置水平且位于肩部上方时，剪切力减小且方向相反；力与标准外侧安全带配置相似（830 - 1100 N）。肩部或胸部约束装置在限制头部偏移方面是有效的，但每种装置都会在假人的相应区域引起显著位移。肩部约束导致肩部位移30 - 43毫米。胸部约束导致胸部偏转39 - 64毫米。远侧碰撞的内侧约束装置在减少头部偏移方面可能是有效的，但这些约束装置的具体设计和放置决定了它们整体的减轻伤害特性。
