Vutova K, Peicheva Z, Popova A, Markova V, Mincheva N, Todorov T
Department of Infectious Diseases, Parasitology, Epidemiology & Tropical Medicine, Faculty of Medicine, University of Medicine, PO Box 54, 1431 Sofia, Bulgaria.
Ann Trop Paediatr. 2002 Sep;22(3):213-8. doi: 10.1179/027249302125001507.
The eye manifestations of congenital toxoplasmosis were investigated in 38 infants and children. Diagnosis of the congenital ocular lesions was established clinically, using also X-ray, computed tomography and ultrasonography, and confirmed by two immunodiagnostic techniques. Infants and children were examined when one or more characteristic manifestations of ophthalmic disorders were present. Typical symptoms and signs can present at birth or appear later in life. The multiplicity of clinical manifestations is characteristic of the disease. The most common symptom was chorioretinitis (92%), associated in 71% of the cases with other ocular lesions, and the second most common symptom was microphthalmia and strabismus. The inflammatory process also involved the anterior segment of the eye: iridocyclitis, cataract, glaucoma. Other rare findings were hydrocephalus, calcification in the brain, paresis, epilepsy and diminished visual acuity. The study showed that transplacental transmission of Toxoplasma to the fetus can have severe clinical consequences and terminate in fatal ocular impairment.
对38名婴幼儿和儿童的先天性弓形虫病眼部表现进行了调查。先天性眼部病变的诊断通过临床检查确定，同时使用了X射线、计算机断层扫描和超声检查，并通过两种免疫诊断技术得到证实。当出现一种或多种眼科疾病的特征性表现时，对婴幼儿和儿童进行检查。典型症状和体征可在出生时出现，或在以后的生活中出现。临床表现的多样性是该疾病的特征。最常见的症状是脉络膜视网膜炎（92%），71%的病例伴有其他眼部病变，第二常见的症状是小眼症和斜视。炎症过程还累及眼前段：虹膜睫状体炎、白内障、青光眼。其他罕见的发现包括脑积水、脑钙化、轻瘫、癫痫和视力下降。研究表明，弓形虫经胎盘传播给胎儿会产生严重的临床后果，并最终导致致命的眼部损害。
