Fismes Joëlle, Perrin-Ganier Corinne, Empereur-Bissonnet Pascal, Morel Jean Louis
Laboratoire Sols et Environnement, UMR 1120, ENSAIA-INPL/INRA, 2 avenue de la Forêt de Haye, BP 172, 54 505 Vandoeuvre lès Nancy, France.
J Environ Qual. 2002 Sep-Oct;31(5):1649-56. doi: 10.2134/jeq2002.1649.
Polycyclic aromatic hydrocarbons (PAHs) are possible contaminants in some former industrial sites, representing a potential risk to human health if these sites are converted to residential areas. This work was conducted to determine whether PAHs present in contaminated soils are transferred to edible parts of selected vegetables. Soils were sampled from a former gasworks and a private garden, exhibiting a range of PAH concentrations (4 to 53 to 172 to 1263 and 2526 mg PAHs kg-1 of dry soil), and pot experiments were conducted in a greenhouse with lettuce (Lactuca sativa L. var. Reine de Mai), potato (Solanum tuberosum L. var. Belle de Fontenay), and carrot (Daucus carota L. var. Nantaise). At harvest, above- and below ground biomass were determined and the PAH concentrations in soil were measured. In parallel, plates were placed in the greenhouse to estimate the average PAH-dust deposition. Results showed that the presence of PAHs in soils had no detrimental effect on plant growth. Polycyclic aromatic hydrocarbons were detected in all plants grown in contaminated soils. However, their concentration was low compared with the initial soil concentration, and the bioconcentration factors were low (i.e., ranging from 13.4 x 10(-4) in potato and carrot pulp to 2 x 10(-2) in potato and carrot leaves). Except in peeled potatoes, the PAH concentration in vegetables increased with the PAH concentration in soils. The PAH distribution profiles in plant tissues and in soils suggested that root uptake was the main pathway for high molecular weight PAHs. On the opposite, lower molecular weight PAHs were probably taken up from the atmosphere through the leaves as well as by roots.
多环芳烃（PAHs）在一些 former industrial sites 中可能是污染物，如果这些场地转变为居民区，会对人类健康构成潜在风险。开展这项工作是为了确定受污染土壤中存在的多环芳烃是否会转移到选定蔬菜的可食用部分。从一个 former gasworks 和一个私人花园采集土壤样本，这些土壤呈现出一系列的多环芳烃浓度（4至53至172至1263以及2526毫克多环芳烃/千克干土），并在温室中对生菜（Lactuca sativa L. var. Reine de Mai）、土豆（Solanum tuberosum L. var. Belle de Fontenay）和胡萝卜（Daucus carota L. var. Nantaise）进行盆栽试验。收获时，测定地上和地下生物量，并测量土壤中的多环芳烃浓度。同时，在温室中放置平板以估算多环芳烃粉尘的平均沉降量。结果表明，土壤中多环芳烃的存在对植物生长没有不利影响。在受污染土壤中生长的所有植物中都检测到了多环芳烃。然而，与初始土壤浓度相比，它们的浓度较低，生物浓缩系数也较低（即，从土豆和胡萝卜果肉中的13.4×10⁻⁴到土豆和胡萝卜叶片中的2×10⁻²）。除了去皮土豆外，蔬菜中的多环芳烃浓度随土壤中多环芳烃浓度的增加而增加。植物组织和土壤中的多环芳烃分布情况表明，根系吸收是高分子量多环芳烃的主要途径。相反，低分子量多环芳烃可能通过叶片以及根系从大气中吸收。
