Andersen Susan M, Chen Serena
Department of Psychology, New York University, New York 10003, USA.
Psychol Rev. 2002 Oct;109(4):619-45. doi: 10.1037/0033-295x.109.4.619.
The authors propose an interpersonal social-cognitive theory of the self and personality, the relational self, in which knowledge about the self is linked with knowledge about significant others, and each linkage embodies a self-other relationship. Mental representations of significant others are activated and used in interpersonal encounters in the social-cognitive phenomenon of transference (S. M. Andersen & N. S. Glassman, 1996), and this evokes the relational self. Variability in relational selves depends on interpersonal contextual cues, whereas stability derives from the chronic accessibility of significant-other representations. Relational selves function in if-then terms (W. Mischel & Y. Shoda, 1995), in which ifs are situations triggering transference, and thens are relational selves. An individual's repertoire of relational selves is a source of interpersonal patterns involving affect, motivation, self-evaluation, and self-regulation.
作者提出了一种关于自我与人格的人际社会认知理论——关系自我，其中关于自我的知识与关于重要他人的知识相联系，且每一种联系都体现了一种自我与他人的关系。在移情这种社会认知现象的人际互动中，重要他人的心理表征被激活并得以运用（S.M. 安德森和N.S. 格拉斯曼，1996），这唤起了关系自我。关系自我的变异性取决于人际情境线索，而稳定性则源于重要他人表征的长期可及性。关系自我以“如果……那么……”的方式发挥作用（W. 米歇尔和Y. 肖达，1995），其中“如果”是触发移情的情境，“那么”是关系自我。个体的关系自我库是涉及情感、动机、自我评估和自我调节的人际模式的一个来源。
