Ambady Nalini, Gray Heather M
Department of Psychology, Harvard University, Cambridge, Massachusetts 02138, USA.
J Pers Soc Psychol. 2002 Oct;83(4):947-61.
A series of studies explored how sadness impacts the accuracy of social judgments. In Study 1, induced sadness led to reduced accuracy in judgments of teacher effectiveness from brief samples of nonverbal behavior (thin slices). In Study 2, sad participants showed reduced accuracy in judging relationship type from thin slices as well as diminished judgmental efficiency. Study 3 revealed that higher Beck Depression Inventory scores were associated with diminished accuracy on the Profile of Nonverbal Sensitivity. Finally, Study 4 tested the possibility that sadness impairs accuracy by promoting a more deliberative information-processing style. As expected, accuracy was higher among participants in a sad mood condition who completed the judgment task while simultaneously performing a distracting cognitive load task.
一系列研究探讨了悲伤情绪如何影响社会判断的准确性。在研究1中，诱发的悲伤情绪导致从非言语行为的简短样本（薄片）判断教师效能时准确性降低。在研究2中，悲伤的参与者在从薄片判断关系类型时准确性降低，并且判断效率也有所下降。研究3表明，贝克抑郁量表得分越高，与非言语敏感性剖面图上的准确性降低相关。最后，研究4测试了悲伤情绪通过促进更审慎的信息处理方式而损害准确性的可能性。不出所料，在悲伤情绪条件下同时执行分心的认知负荷任务时完成判断任务的参与者中，准确性更高。
