Ialongo Nicholas, McCreary Beth K, Pearson Jane L, Koenig Amy L, Wagner Barry M, Schmidt Norman B, Poduska Jeanne, Kellam Sheppard G
Department of Mental Hygiene, Bloomberg School of Public Health, Johns Hopkins University, Baltimore, MD 21205, USA.
Suicide Life Threat Behav. 2002 Fall;32(3):256-71. doi: 10.1521/suli.32.3.256.22176.
The objectives of the present study were four-fold. First, to determine the lifetime, last year, and 6-month prevalence and demographic correlates of suicidal behavior in a defined population of urban, African American young adults. Second, to determine the degree of mental health service utilization among attempters. Third, to study the comorbidity between mental disorders and suicidal behavior, along with the variation in the numbers and types of psychiatric disorders associated with attempts versus ideation only. Fourth, to examine gender differences in the psychiatric diagnoses associated with attempts and ideation. Data relevant to each of these objectives were gathered through structured interviews of 1,157 economically disadvantaged, African American young adults. Lifetime, last year, and 6-month prevalence rates for attempts were 5.3%, 1.2%, and 0.4%, respectively, whereas the lifetime and 6-month prevalence of ideation were 14% and 1.9%, respectively. Approximately two thirds of those who reported lifetime ideation, and a similar proportion of those who reported lifetime attempts, had a history of at least one lifetime psychiatric disorder. There were no gender differences in terms of the degree of risk for suicidal behavior (ideation or attempts) associated with any of the comorbid psychiatric diagnoses assessed. Despite the severity of most attempts, few attempters received mental health services in their lifetime or at the time of their most recent attempt.
本研究的目标有四个方面。第一，确定在特定的城市非裔美国青年人群体中自杀行为的终生患病率、去年患病率和6个月患病率及其人口统计学相关因素。第二，确定自杀未遂者中精神卫生服务的利用程度。第三，研究精神障碍与自杀行为之间的共病情况，以及与自杀未遂和仅自杀意念相关的精神障碍在数量和类型上的差异。第四，研究与自杀未遂和自杀意念相关的精神科诊断中的性别差异。通过对1157名经济上处于不利地位的非裔美国青年进行结构化访谈，收集了与上述每个目标相关的数据。自杀未遂的终生患病率、去年患病率和6个月患病率分别为5.3%、1.2%和0.4%，而自杀意念的终生患病率和6个月患病率分别为14%和1.9%。报告有终生自杀意念的人中约三分之二，以及报告有终生自杀未遂的人中类似比例的人，有至少一种终生精神障碍病史。在与所评估的任何共病精神科诊断相关的自杀行为（自杀意念或自杀未遂）风险程度方面，没有性别差异。尽管大多数自杀未遂情况严重，但很少有自杀未遂者在其一生中或最近一次自杀未遂时接受过精神卫生服务。
