Ogston Jena, Butcher Janus D
Department of Orthopedics, Sport Medicine Section, St. Mary's Duluth Clinic, Minnesota 58805, USA.
Clin J Sport Med. 2002 Sep;12(5):291-5. doi: 10.1097/00042752-200209000-00006.
This study evaluates a sport-specific protocol to evaluate cross-country skiers for exercise-induced asthma (EIA).
Participants completed an asthma symptom questionnaire prior to participation. They were then tested by portable digital spirometer with measurements prior to exercise and at 5-minute increments following a 15-minute cross-country skiing exercise session on a groomed ski trail.
All spirometry measurements were collected indoors at Nordic ski areas in the Duluth, Minnesota, area. Each ski area was groomed for both skating and classical technique.
99 high school skiers, 55 female and 44 male, of various skill levels were tested. All were members of their respective high school cross-country ski team. Testing was open to all ski team members. Skiers from seven different high schools participated.
Bronchial hyperresponsiveness to exercise measured by the change in forced expiratory volume at 1 s (FEV1) following exercise. A result was considered positive if the decrement in FEV1 was greater than 10% in any two of the postexercise test increments in comparison with the preexercise baseline.
28 of 99 (28%) skiers met the criteria for EIA. No significant differences were found with regards to gender, age, or previous experience. Several individual items on the Asthma Symptom Questionnaire were associated with a positive spirometry test.
Using a simple protocol of pre- and postexercise spirometry with a defined exercise challenge, a large number of athletes were screened objectively for this condition. Both the equipment and protocol worked well in the field environment and could easily be adapted to most any sports environment.
本研究评估一种针对越野滑雪者的特定运动方案，以评估其运动诱发哮喘（EIA）情况。
参与者在参与前完成一份哮喘症状问卷。然后，他们使用便携式数字肺活量计进行测试，在越野滑雪运动前以及在修整好的滑雪道上进行15分钟越野滑雪运动后，每隔5分钟进行一次测量。
所有肺活量测定均在明尼苏达州德卢斯地区的北欧滑雪场内的室内进行。每个滑雪场都为速滑和传统技术进行了修整。
对99名不同技能水平的高中滑雪者进行了测试，其中55名女性，44名男性。他们均为各自高中越野滑雪队的队员。测试对所有滑雪队队员开放。来自七所不同高中的滑雪者参与了测试。
通过运动后1秒用力呼气量（FEV1）的变化来测量运动诱发的支气管高反应性。与运动前基线相比，如果在运动后测试的任何两个增量中FEV1的下降大于10%，则结果被认为是阳性。
99名滑雪者中有28名（28%）符合EIA标准。在性别、年龄或既往经历方面未发现显著差异。哮喘症状问卷中的几个单项与肺活量计测试阳性相关。
通过使用运动前后肺活量测定的简单方案以及明确的运动挑战，对大量运动员进行了该疾病的客观筛查。该设备和方案在现场环境中效果良好，并且可以轻松适应几乎任何运动环境。
