van Wyk L, Steyn P L
J Gen Microbiol. 1975 Dec;91(2):225-32. doi: 10.1099/00221287-91-2-225.
Estimates were made of the numbers of viable bacteria in the rumens of sheep receiving different rations. Representative colonies were isolated and tested for urease production. Some urease-positive isolates were characterized and identified. The ureolytic activities of the urease-producing isolates were determined and compared with the activity of rumen fluid. The rations fed to the sheep did not exert a significant influence on the relative numbers of the urease-producting organisms in the rumen. No obligately anaerobic ureolytic bacteria were found. All urease-positive isolates were facultatively anaerobic, Gram-positive, catalase-positive cocci. Out of ten isolates, nine were identified as Staphylococcus saprophyticus and one as Micrococcus varians. The total urease activity of the different isolates based on the lowest numbers in which they were present in the rumen, compared favourably with the urease activity of rumen fluid. The facultatively anaerobic Gram-positive cocci were probably responsible for a large proportion of the urease activity of the rumen fluid. Conditions prevailing in the rumen were found to be conducive to urease production by the isolates tested.
对采食不同日粮的绵羊瘤胃中活菌数量进行了估算。分离出代表性菌落并检测其尿素酶产生情况。对一些尿素酶阳性分离株进行了特性鉴定。测定了产尿素酶分离株的尿素分解活性，并与瘤胃液的活性进行比较。饲喂绵羊的日粮对瘤胃中产生尿素酶的微生物的相对数量没有显著影响。未发现专性厌氧尿素分解菌。所有尿素酶阳性分离株均为兼性厌氧、革兰氏阳性、过氧化氢酶阳性球菌。在10株分离株中，9株被鉴定为腐生葡萄球菌，1株为变异微球菌。根据瘤胃中存在的最低数量计算，不同分离株的总尿素酶活性与瘤胃液的尿素酶活性相比具有优势。兼性厌氧革兰氏阳性球菌可能是瘤胃液中大部分尿素酶活性的原因。发现瘤胃中的环境条件有利于受试分离株产生尿素酶。
