Tarkowski Stanislaw
Nofer Institute of Occupational Medicine, Department of Environmental Health Hazards, 8 Teresy Street, 90-950 Lodz, Poland.
Int Arch Occup Environ Health. 2002 Oct;75 Suppl:S17-20. doi: 10.1007/s00420-002-0359-8. Epub 2002 Jul 3.
The paper discusses methodological approaches in the evaluation of epidemiological data for health risk assessment.
The discussion is based on the overviews of epidemiological evidence for health hazard characterisation from primary and multiple studies and for health impact assessment.
Evaluation of the epidemiological evidence requires a systematic review of relevant studies with the aim of achieving transparency with regard to applied methods and procedures, avoidance of bias and validity of conclusions. Epidemiological studies are useful for health hazard characterisation if they provide estimates for exposure-response relationships. Epidemiological evidence plays a key role in health impact assessment of complex causes such as industrial emissions or urban traffic. The WHO Expert Group identified ten major steps in the quantification of the health impact assessment.
There is a continuous need that future epidemiological studies should seek, where possible, to provide results that enhance the health impact assessment at the interface of epidemiology, other fields of research, and decision making.
本文讨论了在健康风险评估中评估流行病学数据的方法学途径。
该讨论基于对来自初级研究和多项研究的健康危害特征描述及健康影响评估的流行病学证据的综述。
对流行病学证据的评估需要对相关研究进行系统综述，目的是在应用方法和程序方面实现透明性，避免偏差并确保结论的有效性。如果流行病学研究能提供暴露-反应关系的估计值，则对健康危害特征描述很有用。流行病学证据在工业排放或城市交通等复杂原因的健康影响评估中起着关键作用。世卫组织专家小组确定了健康影响评估量化中的十个主要步骤。
未来的流行病学研究应持续寻求尽可能提供能在流行病学、其他研究领域和决策的交叉点增强健康影响评估的结果。
