Czekaj P, Pałasz A, Lebda-Wyborny T, Nowaczyk-Dura G, Karczewska W, Florek E, Kamiński M
II Department of Histology and Embryology, Silesian Medical Academy, Medykow 18, 40-752, Katowice, Poland.
Int Arch Occup Environ Health. 2002 Oct;75 Suppl:S27-35. doi: 10.1007/s00420-002-0343-3. Epub 2002 Jul 6.
Histopathological examination of changes in foetal and newborn rats, and histopathological and morphometric assessments of changes in lungs, placenta, liver and kidneys of adult rats exposed to cigarette smoke were performed.
Non-pregnant and pregnant Wistar female rats were exposed to cigarette smoke at a carbon monoxide concentration of 1500 mg/m(3) for 6 h per day, 5 days per week, for 3 weeks. Levels of urine nicotine and cotinine were used as measures of exposure. Paraffin-embedded, haematoxylin and eosin (HE)-stained sections were used for examination. Morphometry of studied organs was performed using a computer image analyser.
Applied smoke dose and exposure time produced dramatic histopathological changes in lungs of exposed rats (emphysema, emphysematous, inflammatory, metaplastic changes) and reduction in height of respiratory-bronchiole epithelium, and considerably less-marked morphological changes in hepatic (number of apoptotic hepatocytes) and renal (height of proximal convoluted tubule epithelium) cells as well as in the placenta (for example, size of giant cells in labyrinth, height of epithelium covering yolk sac ). Exposure to cigarette smoke did not result in histopathological changes in lungs and liver of surviving foetuses. The duration of pregnancy was not changed but a tendency for a decrease in the mothers' fertility indices as well as some changes in foetal and newborn parameters was observed.
Taking into account the morphological changes observed in adult rat tissues and placentae which can result in definite hormonal and trophic effects on the foetus, the possibility of early or late physiological effects in progeny under the influence of cigarette smoke must be taken into consideration.
对暴露于香烟烟雾中的成年大鼠的胎儿和新生大鼠变化进行组织病理学检查，并对其肺、胎盘、肝脏和肾脏变化进行组织病理学和形态学评估。
将未怀孕和怀孕的Wistar雌性大鼠暴露于一氧化碳浓度为1500mg/m³的香烟烟雾中，每天6小时，每周5天，持续3周。尿中尼古丁和可替宁水平用作暴露指标。使用石蜡包埋、苏木精和伊红（HE）染色切片进行检查。使用计算机图像分析仪对所研究器官进行形态学测量。
所施加的烟雾剂量和暴露时间在暴露大鼠的肺部产生了显著的组织病理学变化（肺气肿、气肿性、炎症性、化生变化），呼吸细支气管上皮高度降低，而肝脏（凋亡肝细胞数量）和肾脏（近端曲管上皮高度）细胞以及胎盘（例如，迷路中巨细胞大小、覆盖卵黄囊的上皮高度）的形态学变化则明显较轻。暴露于香烟烟雾并未导致存活胎儿的肺和肝脏出现组织病理学变化。妊娠持续时间未改变，但观察到母亲生育指数有下降趋势以及胎儿和新生儿参数有一些变化。
考虑到在成年大鼠组织和胎盘中观察到的形态学变化可能对胎儿产生明确的激素和营养作用，必须考虑香烟烟雾影响下后代早期或晚期生理效应的可能性。
