Lindsten Rune, Ogaard Björn, Larsson Erik, Bjerklin Krister
Department of Orthodontics, The Institute for Postgraduate Dental Education, Jönköping, Sweden.
Angle Orthod. 2002 Oct;72(5):439-48. doi: 10.1043/0003-3219(2002)072<0439:TDADAD>2.0.CO;2.
Secular changes in transverse dental arch dimensions and dental arch depth were studied. Four cohorts with mixed dentitions were selected. The skull group comprised 48 skulls dating from the 14th to the 19th century and belonging to The Schreiner Collection at the Department of Anatomy, University of Oslo. The 1980s Sami group was comprised of 39 boys and 34 girls born in 1987 and living in the northern part of Norway. The 1960s Oslo group was comprised of 31 boys and 30 girls born in 1963 and living in the southern part of Norway. The 1980s Oslo group was comprised of 32 boys and 26 girls born in 1983 and living in the same area in southern Norway as the previous Oslo group. Sex was unknown in the skeletal sample, and the groups were analyzed with the sexes pooled; separate descriptive values are presented for the modern groups. The mandibular intercanine distance was smaller in the skulls compared with the modern groups. The transverse intermaxillary difference between the molars was larger in the skull group than in the 1980s Oslo group. The difference between the maxillary and mandibular intercanine distances was larger in the skulls compared with the modern groups, although the small number of measurements in the skull group impeded further analysis. The arch depth was smaller in the skull group compared with the modern groups; the 1960s Oslo group deviated because of a higher prevalence of caries in the second deciduous molars. The overjet was smaller among the skulls. The arch form measured as the angle between the left and right molar tooth rows was more acute in the skulls than in the modern groups. It was concluded that smaller arch depths are found in skeletal samples at early ages and that attrition does not explain the more upright incisors found in skeletal samples. A secular trend was found in the intermaxillary relation, which indicated that children in the 1980s Oslo group were at greater risk of developing a posterior cross-bite than children born in the 14th to 19th centuries.
研究了牙弓横向尺寸和牙弓深度的长期变化。选取了四个混合牙列的队列。头骨组包括48个头骨，年代可追溯至14世纪至19世纪，属于奥斯陆大学解剖学系的施赖纳藏品。20世纪80年代的萨米族组由1987年出生、生活在挪威北部的39名男孩和34名女孩组成。20世纪60年代的奥斯陆组由1963年出生、生活在挪威南部的31名男孩和30名女孩组成。20世纪80年代的奥斯陆组由1983年出生、生活在挪威南部与前一个奥斯陆组相同地区的32名男孩和26名女孩组成。骨骼样本中的性别未知，对这些组进行了合并性别分析；给出了现代组的单独描述性数值。与现代组相比，头骨中的下颌尖牙间距离较小。头骨组中磨牙间的横向颌间差异比20世纪80年代的奥斯陆组更大。与现代组相比，头骨中上颌和下颌尖牙间距离的差异更大，尽管头骨组中的测量数量较少妨碍了进一步分析。与现代组相比，头骨组中的牙弓深度较小；20世纪60年代的奥斯陆组因第二乳磨牙龋齿患病率较高而有所偏差。覆盖较小。以左右磨牙牙列之间的角度衡量的牙弓形态在头骨中比在现代组中更尖锐。得出的结论是，在早期的骨骼样本中发现牙弓深度较小，磨损并不能解释骨骼样本中发现的更直立的切牙。在颌间关系中发现了一种长期趋势，这表明20世纪80年代奥斯陆组的儿童比14世纪至19世纪出生的儿童发生后牙反合的风险更大。
