Vallino-Napoli Linda D
The Hospital for Sick Children, Toronto, Ontario, Canada.
Cleft Palate Craniofac J. 2002 Nov;39(6):623-34. doi: 10.1597/1545-1569_2002_039_0623_apotfa_2.0.co_2.
To present a profile of the features and speech in patients with mandibulofacial dysostosis (MFD). Data were collected on occlusion, palatal condition, hearing, resonance, voice, and articulation.
Thirty patients with MFD ranging in age from 1.6 to 21.0 years.
Retrospective and prospective cross-sectional designs.
Pediatric tertiary care hospital.
Sixty percent of the patients had an open bite. Isolated cleft palate was found in 37% with other types of cleft conditions occurring less frequently. Twenty-three percent underwent tracheostomy. All patients demonstrated hearing loss, 93% were conductive and 7% were mixed. Resonance, voice, and articulation were also affected. Seventy-seven percent had aberrant resonance including hypernasality, hyponasality, mixed hyper- and hyponasality or muffled resonance, which was found in 40% of the patients. Voice quality was abnormal in 63%. All patients had articulation errors. Although overlap between categories occurred, results showed that 60% had errors related to malocclusion, 30% demonstrated errors usually associated with velopharyngeal inadequacy and 50% had general articulatory or phonological errors that could be attributed to other causes.
The features and speech of patients with MFD are complex. The speech disorders may have multiple overlapping etiologies that require careful differential diagnosis. This is imperative to establish appropriate treatment regimens and evaluate clinical outcomes.
呈现下颌面骨发育不全（MFD）患者的特征和语音概况。收集了关于咬合、腭部状况、听力、共鸣、嗓音和发音的数据。
30例MFD患者，年龄在1.6至21.0岁之间。
回顾性和前瞻性横断面设计。
儿科三级护理医院。
60%的患者存在开牙合。37%的患者发现单纯腭裂，其他类型的腭裂情况较少见。23%的患者接受了气管切开术。所有患者均有听力损失，93%为传导性听力损失，7%为混合性听力损失。共鸣、嗓音和发音也受到影响。77%的患者存在异常共鸣，包括高鼻音、低鼻音、高鼻音和低鼻音混合或闷塞共鸣，40%的患者存在闷塞共鸣。63%的患者嗓音质量异常。所有患者均有发音错误。尽管各类别之间存在重叠，但结果显示，60%的患者存在与错牙合相关的错误，30%的患者表现出通常与腭咽闭合不全相关的错误，50%的患者存在可归因于其他原因的一般发音或语音错误。
MFD患者的特征和语音较为复杂。言语障碍可能有多种重叠的病因，需要仔细进行鉴别诊断。这对于制定适当的治疗方案和评估临床结果至关重要。
