Ho Yi-Lwun, Shau Yio-Wha, Tsai Huai-Jen, Lin Lung-Chun, Huang Por-Jau, Hsieh Fon-Jou
Department of Internal Medicine (Cardiology), National Taiwan University Hospital, Taipei, Taiwan.
Ultrasound Med Biol. 2002 Sep;28(9):1137-43. doi: 10.1016/s0301-5629(02)00564-1.
The zebrafish (Danio rerio) has become a new animal model for cardiac researches. Although it is equipped with a prototypical vertebrate heart, the zebrafish studies for cardiac mutations and genetic control of development can reveal some hints for solving human problems. Despite the simplicity of the zebrafish heart, the objective parameters of cardiac performance are not easily available, except for the morphological description, due to its small size. Because the four components (sinus venosus, atrium, ventricle and bulbus arteriosus) of the zebrafish heart are connected in series, we studied it by applying ultrasonic imaging methods for the vascular system. A total of 20 fishes that were ages of 3 to 4 months were studied. Their mean body weight and height were 562 +/- 173 mg and 4.6 +/- 0.7 cm, respectively. Power angiography and routine Doppler echocardiography were used to evaluate the cardiac performance of zebrafish at 25 degrees C and 15 degrees C. The zebrafish hearts could be easily identified with color Doppler (8.5 MHz) or power angiography (7 MHz). The ventricular filling flow contained two components (E and A-flow). The E-flow velocities were lower than the A-flow velocities at both 25 and 15 degrees C. The cycle length was prolonged (p < 0.05) and the velocities of ventricular filling and bulbus arteriosus decreased significantly at 15 degrees C (p < 0.05). A significant decrease in early diastolic deceleration slope and significant prolongation in early diastolic and late-diastolic deceleration times were found at a lower temperature (15 degrees C). The acceleration:deceleration ratio for early and late diastole also showed a significant difference at 15 degrees C. In conclusion, the cardiac performance of the zebrafish could be approached using commercially available clinical instruments equipped with Doppler echocardiography and power angiography.
斑马鱼（Danio rerio）已成为心脏研究的一种新动物模型。尽管它拥有典型的脊椎动物心脏，但对斑马鱼进行心脏突变和发育的基因控制研究可以为解决人类问题提供一些线索。尽管斑马鱼心脏结构简单，但由于其体型小，除了形态学描述外，心脏功能的客观参数并不容易获得。由于斑马鱼心脏的四个组成部分（静脉窦、心房、心室和动脉球）是串联连接的，我们通过将超声成像方法应用于血管系统来对其进行研究。共研究了20条3至4月龄的斑马鱼。它们的平均体重和体长分别为562±173毫克和4.6±0.7厘米。使用能量血管造影和常规多普勒超声心动图在25℃和15℃下评估斑马鱼的心脏功能。使用彩色多普勒（8.5兆赫兹）或能量血管造影（7兆赫兹）可以很容易地识别斑马鱼的心脏。心室充盈血流包含两个成分（E波和A波血流）。在25℃和15℃时，E波血流速度均低于A波血流速度。在15℃时，心动周期延长（p<0.05），心室充盈和动脉球的血流速度显著降低（p<0.05）。在较低温度（15℃）下，舒张早期减速斜率显著降低，舒张早期和晚期减速时间显著延长。舒张早期和晚期的加速度：减速度比值在15℃时也有显著差异。总之，使用配备多普勒超声心动图和能量血管造影的商用临床仪器可以研究斑马鱼的心脏功能。
