Enzlin Paul, Mathieu Chantal, Demyttenaere Koen
Department of Psychiatry, University Hospitals Gasthuisberg, Herestraat 49, 3000, Leuven, Belgium.
Patient Educ Couns. 2002 Oct-Nov;48(2):139-45. doi: 10.1016/s0738-3991(02)00009-5.
This study examined gender differences in (1) the psychological adjustment to diabetes and (2) the relation between psychological adjustment and metabolic control in patients with type 1 diabetes. The 280 adult patients attending the outpatient diabetes clinic completed psychological self-rating questionnaires evaluating coping, depression, marital satisfaction, cognitive and emotional adjustment to diabetes. Glycaemic control was measured with HbA(1c)-values. This study revealed that men used significantly more active coping, less avoiding, less social support seeking and less depressive coping. Despite these differences, glycaemic control was not significantly better in men than in women. Women reported more depressive symptomatology than men did and more women were depressed. Significant gender differences were also found in psychological adjustment to diabetes. The psychological factors negatively related with the psychological adjustment to diabetes in men and women are depressive coping and depressive symptomatology.
本研究调查了1型糖尿病患者在以下两方面的性别差异：（1）对糖尿病的心理调适；（2）心理调适与代谢控制之间的关系。在门诊糖尿病诊所就诊的280名成年患者完成了心理自评问卷，以评估应对方式、抑郁、婚姻满意度、对糖尿病的认知和情绪调适。通过糖化血红蛋白（HbA1c）值来衡量血糖控制情况。该研究表明，男性显著更多地采用积极应对方式，更少采用回避、寻求社会支持和抑郁应对方式。尽管存在这些差异，但男性的血糖控制情况并不显著优于女性。女性报告的抑郁症状比男性更多，且抑郁的女性更多。在对糖尿病的心理调适方面也发现了显著的性别差异。在男性和女性中，与对糖尿病的心理调适呈负相关的心理因素是抑郁应对方式和抑郁症状。
