[Frequent dermatologic diseases in the newborn and children].

Sebaceous gland activity in the newborn and children is extensive at first in the epidermis, and later decreases owing to defective operation of the sweat glands, circulation changes, growth of the hair, and a predisposition to infection, for which significant treatment is required. In addition to the genetic "typus neurodermiticus", pharmaceutical, alimentary and respiratory allergens and psychological factors may play a part in the appearance of atopical dermatitis. Onset is usually in the 2nd to 6th month and the side of the face and the scalp are affected. The clinical picture varies considerably with age and includes sanious foci covered with scabs on the head and eczema flexurarum. Differences in family history, age and the location of sites will distinguish this form from seborrhoeic dermatitis. Gluteal dermitis is secondary to congestion caused by dampness, rugging and soaking, and the action of stools and urine (bacterial amniogenesis). The main complications of neonatal and infantile impetigo are: glomerulonephritis, exfoliative dermatitis, pulmonary abscess, pulmonitis and osteomyelitis; phlyctenular, serpiginous impetigo with large and small bullae is particularly important. Treatment of neonatal and infantile dermatosis must take account of the fact that increased reabsorption and congestion are contraindications for the local application of corticoids and preparations containing salicylic and boric acid.