Powell Keith A., Ramer Sandra W., Del Cardayré Stephen B., Stemmer Willem P. C., Tobin Matthew B., Longchamp Pascal F., Huisman Gjalt W.
Maxygen, Inc. 515 Galveston Drive, Redwood City, CA 94063 (USA).
Angew Chem Int Ed Engl. 2001 Nov 5;40(21):3948-3959. doi: 10.1002/1521-3773(20011105)40:21<3948::aid-anie3948>3.0.co;2-n.
This review describes the current state of biocatalysis in the chemical industry. Although we recognize the advantages of chemical approaches, we suggest that the use of biological catalysis is about to expand dramatically because of the recent developments in the artificial evolution of genes that code for enzymes. For the first time it is possible to consider the rapid development of an enzyme that is designed for a specific chemical reaction. This technology offers the opportunity to adapt the enzyme to the needs of the process. We describe herein the development of enzyme evolution technology and particularly DNA shuffling. We also consider several classes of enzymes, their current applications, and the limitations that should be addressed. In a review of this length it is impossible to describe all the enzymes with potential for industrial exploitation; there are other classes, which given appropriate activity, selectivity, and robustness, could become useful tools for the industrial chemist. This is an exciting era for biocatalysis and we expect great progress in the future.
本综述描述了生物催化在化学工业中的现状。尽管我们认识到化学方法的优势，但我们认为，由于编码酶的基因人工进化方面的最新进展，生物催化的应用即将大幅扩展。首次有可能考虑为特定化学反应设计的酶的快速开发。这项技术提供了使酶适应工艺需求的机会。我们在此描述酶进化技术的发展，特别是DNA改组。我们还考虑了几类酶、它们目前的应用以及应解决的局限性。在这样篇幅的综述中，不可能描述所有具有工业开发潜力的酶；还有其他类别，若具备适当的活性、选择性和稳定性，可能会成为工业化学家有用的工具。这是生物催化的一个激动人心的时代，我们期待未来取得巨大进展。
