Sonninen A, Pyörälä T, Klemetti A
Ann Chir Gynaecol Fenn. 1975;64(3):180-8.
Screening for congenital hearing disorders in newborn infants has been carried out in the Province of Central Finland since 1967. In 1967-1971, a total of 23 children (12 boys and 11 girls) were found to have congenital hearind disorders. From this it can be calculated that 90 infants are born each year with congenital hearing disorders in Finland. Our sample did not include slight or moderate hearing disorders (under 45 dB). 11 children under the age of 18 months were provided with a hearing aid. In spite of the screening, 12 cases (mean age 2 years) were not diagnosed until they came to the phoniatric clinic because of delayed speech development. These children were presumably also congenitally deaf. Most of the children in the delayed group reacted favourably to the auropalpebral reflex test on the obstetrical ward; their speech development was better and they also profited more from having a hearing aid than those children whose hearing defect had been discovered earlier. Screening for hearing disorders should be made nation-wide in order to avoid the harmful effects of the delay of rehabilitation on the child's development. The possibility of a hearing disorder should be kept in mind in those cases where there is a delay in speech development and also in those cases where the child has some other severe congenital defect which demands the attention of the nursing staff.
自1967年以来，芬兰中部省一直在对新生儿进行先天性听力障碍筛查。在1967年至1971年期间，共发现23名儿童（12名男孩和11名女孩）患有先天性听力障碍。据此可以计算出，芬兰每年有90名婴儿出生时患有先天性听力障碍。我们的样本不包括轻度或中度听力障碍（45分贝以下）。为11名18个月以下的儿童提供了助听器。尽管进行了筛查，但仍有12例（平均年龄2岁）因语言发育迟缓来到语音治疗诊所时才被诊断出来。这些儿童可能也是先天性耳聋。延迟组中的大多数儿童在产科病房的耳睑反射测试中反应良好；他们的语言发育更好，而且与那些听力缺陷较早被发现的儿童相比，他们从佩戴助听器中获益更多。为避免康复延迟对儿童发育产生有害影响，应在全国范围内进行听力障碍筛查。在语言发育迟缓的情况下，以及在儿童有其他严重先天性缺陷需要护理人员关注的情况下，都应考虑到听力障碍的可能性。
