Dementia: an update to refresh your memory.

The number of people with dementia and cognitive impairment is predicted to rise exponentially in the future. The increasing awareness of dementia in the community has led to a better understanding of the impact of this condition on individuals, their families and their carers. There is burgeoning research in the pathogenesis of dementia, and advances have been made in pharmacological treatments for the management of symptoms, including behavioural and psychological disturbances. However, the mainstay of management rests in comprehensive clinical assessment, education, counselling and provision of support for those affected and their families. The present paper provides a clinical update on recent advances in diagnosis and management of the most common forms of dementia.