Lauber Christoph, Nordt Carlos, Falcato Luis, Rössler Wulf
Psychiatric University Hospital of Zurich, Switzerland.
Int J Soc Psychiatry. 2002 Sep;48(3):209-19. doi: 10.1177/002076402128783253.
The United Nations proclaimed 2001 the "International Year of Volunteers". Little is known about factors influencing the attitude to volunteering in psychiatry. However, knowledge about these factors is important as target groups to be addressed by an awareness and promotion campaign could be identified.
To determine the influence of demographic, psychological and sociological factors on the attitude to volunteering in psychiatry.
Multiple logistic regression analysis of the results of an opinion survey conducted on a representative population sample in Switzerland (n = 1737).
Public attitude is mostly positive. It depends, however, on the form of volunteering. Two explanatory models for volunteering in psychiatry were found: first, the "antipathetic person" having social distance to and negative stereotypes towards the mentally ill. Second, the "people with social responsibility and commitment" who have former experience in volunteering, a positive attitude to community psychiatry, interest in mass media, a social profession and perceive discrimination of mentally ill persons. Age and gender are significant predictors.
An awareness and promotion campaign to use the vast potential of people willing to volunteer in psychiatry can be primarily focused on those with a basic interest in social issues. Volunteering must be limited in time and responsibility. Contacting people with a positive attitude by mass media is a promising way.
联合国宣布2001年为“国际志愿者年”。关于影响精神病学领域志愿服务态度的因素，人们了解甚少。然而，了解这些因素很重要，因为这样可以确定提高认识和推广活动的目标群体。
确定人口统计学、心理学和社会学因素对精神病学领域志愿服务态度的影响。
对瑞士具有代表性的人口样本（n = 1737）进行的意见调查结果进行多元逻辑回归分析。
公众态度大多是积极的。然而，这取决于志愿服务的形式。发现了两种精神病学领域志愿服务的解释模型：第一种是“反感者”，他们与精神病患者有社会距离且持有负面刻板印象。第二种是“有社会责任和奉献精神的人”，他们有过志愿服务经历，对社区精神病学持积极态度，对大众媒体、社会职业感兴趣，并意识到精神病患者受到歧视。年龄和性别是重要的预测因素。
提高认识和推广活动若要利用愿意在精神病学领域志愿服务的人们的巨大潜力，可主要针对那些对社会问题有基本兴趣的人。志愿服务的时间和责任必须有限。通过大众媒体联系态度积极的人是一种很有前景的方式。
