Boll Matthias, Fuchs Georg, Heider Johann
Institut für Biologie II, Mikrobiologie, Schänzlestr. 1, D-79104 Freiburg, Germany.
Curr Opin Chem Biol. 2002 Oct;6(5):604-11. doi: 10.1016/s1367-5931(02)00375-7.
Aromatic compounds and hydrocarbons have in common a great stability due to resonance energy and inertness of CbondH and CbondC bonds. It has been taken for granted that the metabolism of these compounds obligatorily depends on molecular oxygen. Oxygen is required first to introduce hydroxyl groups into the substrate and then to cleave the aromatic ring. However, newly discovered bacterial enzymes and reactions involved in oxidation of aromatic and hydrocarbon compounds to CO(2) in the complete absence of molecular oxygen have been discovered. Of special interest are two reactions: the reduction of the aromatic ring of benzoyl-coenzyme A and the addition of fumarate to hydrocarbons. These reactions transform aromatic rings and hydrocarbons into products that can be oxidized via more conventional beta-oxidation pathways.
由于共振能以及C-H键和C-C键的惰性，芳香族化合物和碳氢化合物都具有很高的稳定性。人们一直认为这些化合物的代谢必然依赖于分子氧。首先需要氧气将羟基引入底物，然后裂解芳香环。然而，现已发现了新的细菌酶以及在完全没有分子氧的情况下将芳香族和碳氢化合物氧化为二氧化碳的反应。特别令人感兴趣的是两个反应：苯甲酰辅酶A芳香环的还原以及富马酸酯与碳氢化合物的加成。这些反应将芳香环和碳氢化合物转化为可通过更传统的β-氧化途径进行氧化的产物。
