Baumann Nicola, Kuhl Julius
Department of Psychology, University of Osnabrück, Germany.
J Pers Soc Psychol. 2002 Nov;83(5):1213-23. doi: 10.1037//0022-3514.83.5.1213.
According to personality systems interaction theory, a negative mood was expected to reduce access to extended semantic networks and to reduce performance on intuitive judgments of coherence for participants who have an impaired ability to down-regulate negative affect (i.e., state-oriented participants). Consistent with expectations, state-oriented participants reporting higher levels of perseverating negative mood had a reduced discrimination between coherent and incoherent standard word triples (Study 1) and individually derived word triples describing persons (Study 2). Participants who are able to down-regulate negative affect (i.e., action-oriented participants) did not show this tendency. In addition, Study 2 revealed a dissociation between state orientation and Neuroticism that is discussed in terms of a functional difference between the two constructs.
根据人格系统交互理论，对于那些下调负面情绪能力受损的参与者（即状态导向型参与者）而言，消极情绪预计会减少其对扩展语义网络的访问，并降低其在连贯性直觉判断任务中的表现。与预期一致，报告有更高水平持续消极情绪的状态导向型参与者，在连贯和不连贯的标准单词三元组（研究1）以及个体生成的描述人物的单词三元组（研究2）之间的辨别能力有所下降。能够下调负面情绪的参与者（即行动导向型参与者）则未表现出这种趋势。此外，研究2揭示了状态导向和神经质之间的分离，这将根据这两种结构的功能差异进行讨论。
