Shea Jill E, Hallows Rhett K, Ricks Shannon, Bloebaum Roy D
Bone and Joint Research Laboratory, VA Salt Lake City Health Care System, Salt Lake City, Utah 84184, USA.
Anat Rec. 2002 Dec 1;268(4):365-70. doi: 10.1002/ar.10173.
It is well known that the incidence of hip fractures is increasing as the population ages, and that vascularity is one of the most important characteristics for any tissue (the proximal femur being no exception). Additionally, calcified fibrocartilage from tendon and ligament insertions comprises a significant portion of the fractional area of the proximal femur's cortical shell. The goal of the present investigation was to quantify and compare the microvascularity of the cortical bone and calcified fibrocartilage of the proximal femur in a sheep model. There were no regional differences in the vascular density of the cortical bone. However, the calcified fibrocartilage from tendon and capsular insertions were determined to be avascular, and regions of the proximal femur with insertions lacked a vascularized periosteum. If a vessel was present in the calcified fibrocartilage, it was located within an isolated region of bone tissue or osteoid. Since blood vessels appear to be a significant contributor to the health and remodeling of mineralized tissue, it is hypothesized that the large areas of avascular calcified fibrocartilage present on the elderly femoral neck may predispose these regions to damage accumulation. Therefore future research should examine the role of the vascularity to the proximal femur in the mechanisms of numerous pathological conditions, such as avascular necrosis, osteopenia, and hip fractures.
众所周知，随着人口老龄化，髋部骨折的发生率正在上升，并且血管分布是任何组织最重要的特征之一（股骨近端也不例外）。此外，来自肌腱和韧带附着处的钙化纤维软骨占股骨近端皮质壳层面积的很大一部分。本研究的目的是在绵羊模型中量化并比较股骨近端皮质骨和钙化纤维软骨的微血管分布情况。皮质骨的血管密度不存在区域差异。然而，来自肌腱和关节囊附着处的钙化纤维软骨被确定为无血管，且有附着处的股骨近端区域缺乏血管化的骨膜。如果钙化纤维软骨中有血管存在，它位于骨组织或类骨质的孤立区域内。由于血管似乎是矿化组织健康和重塑的重要因素，因此推测老年股骨颈上存在的大面积无血管钙化纤维软骨可能使这些区域易于积累损伤。因此，未来的研究应探讨血管分布在诸如缺血性坏死、骨质减少和髋部骨折等多种病理状况机制中对股骨近端的作用。
