[Inhibition of lectin induced peripheral blood lymphocyte proliferation by colorectal cancer extract: a preliminary report of three cases].

BACKGROUND

Tumor infiltrating lymphocytes (TIL) in colorectal cancer are a manifestation of local, cell mediated immune response to the malignant tumor. Tumor progression is due to impairment of the host ability to control tumor growth. Several studies suggested possible causes for such impairment, however, the precise factor(s) underlying such malfunction is uncertain.

AIM

To compare the possible effects of colorectal cancer (CRC) and normal colonic mucosa extracts on lectin induced blastogenesis of the same patients' peripheral blood lymphocytes (PBL) proliferation.

METHODS

CRC and normal mucosa extracts were obtained from 3 patients undergoing curative surgery for colon adenocarcinoma. Proliferation assays used PBL from the CRC patients, incubated with Concanavalin A (ConA) and Phytohemoglobin (PHA) in the presence of CRC or normal mucosa extract and in medium alone. Proliferation was measured by H3 Thymidine incorporation following 48 hours on incubation.

RESULTS

Exposure of ConA induced PBL proliferation assay to CRC extract yielded a 98.7% inhibition measured by counts/minute (cpm) of incorporated H3 Thymidine compared to normal colonic mucosa extract (1,214 +/- 594 cpm vs. 95,335 +/- 6,997 cpm respectively, p = 0.0018). PHA stimulated proliferation exposed to CRC extract showed a 99.7% decrease in blastogenic activity compared to normal mucosa extract (362 +/- 175 cpm vs. 62,375 +/- 16,591 cpm respectively, p = 0.0234).

CONCLUSIONS

These preliminary results suggest that CRC extract contain factor(s) capable of profoundly inhibiting lectin induced proliferation of PBL. Shedding of suppressor substances may be one of the possible mechanisms by which the tumor evades the effector arm of the cell-mediated immune response. Characterization of such factors may aid in intratumor, local and systemic cellular immune response reconstitution.