Nash Carla L, Gerdes Hans
Gastroenterology-Nutrition Service, Memorial Sloan-Kettering Cancer Center, 1275 York Avenue, New York, NY 10021, USA.
Surg Oncol Clin N Am. 2002 Apr;11(2):459-83, xiii. doi: 10.1016/s1055-3207(02)00010-8.
Esophageal and gastric malignancies are common worldwide. Less than half are amenable to curative treatment at the time of diagnosis because of advanced or metastatic disease. Palliation is often required for symptoms, such as dysphagia, gastrointestinal bleeding, aspiration caused by tracheoesophageal fistula, nausea and emesis secondary to gastric outlet obstruction, and malnutrition. This article reviews the gastric outlet obstruction, and malnutrition. This article reviews the medical, endoscopic, and surgical options for palliative treatment.
食管癌和胃癌在全球范围内都很常见。由于疾病处于晚期或已发生转移，不到一半的患者在诊断时适合进行根治性治疗。对于吞咽困难、胃肠道出血、气管食管瘘引起的误吸、胃出口梗阻继发的恶心和呕吐以及营养不良等症状，通常需要进行姑息治疗。本文回顾了胃出口梗阻和营养不良的情况。本文还综述了姑息治疗的药物、内镜和手术选择。
