Ammenwerth E, Buchauer A, Haux R
Dept. of Medical Informatics, University of Heidelberg, Heidelberg, Germany.
Methods Inf Med. 2002;41(4):282-8.
Reference models describing typical information processing requirements in hospitals do not currently exist. This leads to high hospital information system (HIS) management expenses, for example, during tender processes for the acquisition of software application programs. Our aim was, therefore, to develop a comprehensive, lasting, technology-independent, and sufficiently detailed index of requirements for information processing in hospitals in order to reduce respective expenses.
Two-dozen German experts established an index of requirements for information processing in university hospitals. This was done in a consensus-based, top-down, cyclic manner. Each functional requirement was derived from information processing functions and sub-functions of a hospital.
The result is the first official German version of a requirements index, containing 233 functional requirements and 102 function-independent requirements, focusing on German needs. The functional requirements are structured according to the primary care process from admission to discharge and supplemented by requirements for handling patient records, work organization and resource planning, hospital management, research and education. Both the German version and its English translation are available in the Internet.
The index of requirements contains general information processing requirements in hospitals which are formulated independent of information processing tools, or of HIS architectures. It aims at supporting HIS management, especially HIS strategic planning, HIS evaluation, and tender processes. The index can be regarded as a draft, which must, however, be refined according to the specific aims of a particular project. Although focused on German needs, we expect that it can also be useful in other countries. The high amount of interest shown for the index supports its usefulness.
目前不存在描述医院典型信息处理需求的参考模型。这导致医院信息系统（HIS）管理费用高昂，例如在采购软件应用程序的招标过程中。因此，我们的目标是制定一个全面、持久、技术独立且足够详细的医院信息处理需求指标，以降低相应费用。
二十多位德国专家制定了大学医院信息处理需求指标。这是以基于共识、自上而下、循环的方式完成的。每个功能需求都源自医院的信息处理功能和子功能。
结果是首个官方德文版需求指标，包含233项功能需求和102项与功能无关的需求，重点关注德国的需求。功能需求根据从入院到出院的初级护理流程进行结构化，并辅以处理患者记录、工作组织和资源规划、医院管理、研究和教育的需求。德文版及其英文翻译均可在互联网上获取。
需求指标包含医院的一般信息处理需求，这些需求的制定独立于信息处理工具或HIS架构。其目的是支持HIS管理，特别是HIS战略规划、HIS评估和招标过程。该指标可被视为一个草案，但必须根据特定项目的具体目标进行完善。尽管该指标侧重于德国的需求，但我们预计它在其他国家也会有用。对该指标表现出的高度关注证明了其有用性。
