Heinrich H C, Gabbe E E, Whang D H, Bender-Götze C, Schäfer K H
Z Kinderheilkd. 1975 Nov 13;120(4):251-8. doi: 10.1007/BF00440264.
Small amounts of milk do inhibit ferrous iron absorption from a 5 mg 59Fe2+ dose in 1- to 18-month-old infants. Only 50 ml of 2/3 cow milk reduced the absorption from 18+/-3% (Xa +/- S.E.) to 3.8 +/- 1.2% in infants with normal iron stores (inhibition index 0.21) and from 26 +/- 3% to 8.5 +/- 1.4% in infants with depleted iron stores (inhibition index 0.33%). Milk does not inhibit the bioavailability of hemoglobin iron. From a 5 mg dose of hemoglobin-59Fe added to 50 ml of 2/3 cow milk 4.8 +/- 1.0% were absorbed by infants with normal iron stores and 8.3 +/- 0.8% by infants with depleted iron stores. The low iron content of milk (50 mug Fe/100 ml) and its poor bioavailability (approximately5% in infants with normal iron stores) would require a dialy consumption of 32 1 of unfortified milk to cover infants daily iron requirement of 0.8 mg/day. The supplementation of 2--3 milk meals per day with 5 mg hemoglobin iron each meets the whole iron requirements of infants with depleted and normal iron stores respectively and can be used for iron prophylaxis in infancy during the first and second year. Prophylaxis with inorganic iron requires an empty stomach and duodenum for optimal bioavailability. A daily dose of only 5 mg ferrous sulfate iron is enough to cover the total iron requirement of infants.
少量牛奶确实会抑制1至18个月大婴儿对5毫克59Fe2+剂量的亚铁吸收。对于铁储备正常的婴儿，仅50毫升2/3的牛奶就能将吸收率从18±3%（Xa±标准误）降至3.8±1.2%（抑制指数0.21）；对于铁储备不足的婴儿，吸收率则从26±3%降至8.5±1.4%（抑制指数0.33%）。牛奶不会抑制血红蛋白铁的生物利用度。向50毫升2/3的牛奶中添加5毫克血红蛋白 - 59Fe，铁储备正常的婴儿吸收了4.8±1.0%，铁储备不足的婴儿吸收了8.3±0.8%。牛奶中铁含量低（50微克铁/100毫升）且生物利用度差（铁储备正常的婴儿约为5%），这就需要每天饮用32升未强化的牛奶才能满足婴儿每天0.8毫克的铁需求。每天补充2 - 3餐牛奶，每餐添加5毫克血红蛋白铁，分别能满足铁储备不足和正常的婴儿的全部铁需求，可用于婴儿1岁和2岁时的铁预防。用无机铁进行预防需要空腹和十二指肠以达到最佳生物利用度。每天仅5毫克硫酸亚铁就足以满足婴儿的全部铁需求。
