Bowling A, Banister D, Sutton S, Evans O, Windsor J
Department of Primary Care and Population Sciences, University College London, UK.
Aging Ment Health. 2002 Nov;6(4):355-71. doi: 10.1080/1360786021000006983.
The broad aim of the research presented here was to define the constituents and indicators of quality of life (QoL) in older age, in order to offer a more multidimensional and useful model of quality of life, based on the perspectives of older people themselves. This paper focuses on the extent to which self-evaluations of global QoL are influenced by health, psychological and social variables, and social circumstances. It reports the results of a national survey of the quality of life in people aged 65 and over, living at home in Britain. Multiple regression analysis with the self-evaluation of quality of life rating as the dependent variable showed that the overall model (Model 9) of QoL indicators explained 26.7% of the variance in quality of life ratings. This is sizeable given the amorphous nature of this concept. The main independent predictors of self-rated global quality of life were: social comparisons and expectations, personality and psychological characteristics (optimism-pessimism), health and functional status and personal and neighbourhood social capital. These variables explained the highest proportion of the variance between groups in their quality of life ratings. Socio-economic indicators contributed relatively little to the model.
本文所呈现研究的总体目标是界定老年人生活质量（QoL）的构成要素和指标，以便基于老年人自身的视角，提供一个更具多维性且实用的生活质量模型。本文聚焦于整体生活质量的自我评价受健康、心理和社会变量以及社会环境影响的程度。它报告了一项针对英国65岁及以上居家老人生活质量的全国性调查结果。以生活质量评级的自我评价为因变量的多元回归分析表明，生活质量指标的总体模型（模型9）解释了生活质量评级中26.7%的方差。鉴于这一概念的模糊性，这一比例相当可观。自评整体生活质量的主要独立预测因素为：社会比较与期望、个性与心理特征（乐观 - 悲观）、健康与功能状况以及个人和邻里社会资本。这些变量在生活质量评级中解释了各组之间方差的最大比例。社会经济指标对该模型的贡献相对较小。
