Booth Amy E, Waxman Sandra
Department of Psychology, Northwestern University, Evanston, Illinois 60208-2710, USA.
Dev Psychol. 2002 Nov;38(6):948-57. doi: 10.1037//0012-1649.38.6.948.
Can object names and functions act as cues to categories for infants? In Study 1, 14- and 18-month-old infants were shown novel category exemplars along with a function, a name, or no cues. Infants were then asked to "find another one," choosing between 2 novel objects (1 from the familiar category and the other not). Infants at both ages were more likely to select the category match in the function than in the no-cue condition. However, only at 18 months did naming the objects enhance categorization. Study 2 shows that names can facilitate categorization for 14-month-olds as well when a hint regarding the core meaning of the objects (the function of a single familiarization object) is provided.
物体名称和功能能否作为婴儿分类的线索？在研究1中，向14个月和18个月大的婴儿展示新的类别范例，并伴有功能、名称或无线索。然后要求婴儿“再找一个”，在两个新物体（一个来自熟悉类别，另一个不是）之间进行选择。两个年龄段的婴儿在有功能线索的情况下比无线索条件下更有可能选择类别匹配项。然而，只有18个月大的婴儿在为物体命名时能增强分类能力。研究2表明，当提供关于物体核心意义（单个熟悉物体的功能）的提示时，名称也能促进14个月大婴儿的分类。
