Paton Julian F R, Dutschmann Mathias
Department of Physiology, School of Medical Sciences, University of Bristol, UK.
J Anat. 2002 Oct;201(4):319-23. doi: 10.1046/j.1469-7580.2002.00101.x.
This article reviews recent studies on the importance of glycine receptors for both the spontaneous and the reflex respiratory modulation of the laryngeal abductors and adductors. Our findings show that strychnine blockade of glycine receptors within the brainstem changes the eupneic three-phase respiratory pattern into two phases. This has major implications for glottal control: (i) the inspiratory glottic abduction and early expiratory adduction were both compromised--a finding mimicked by 5% hypoxia; (ii) closure of the glottis during defensive upper airway reflexes became intermittent and the reflex apnoea reversed to sustained inspiratory discharge. Based on these data, we predict that periods of prolonged hypoxia, such as those that occur during sleep apnoeas, will constrain inspiratory glottic abduction thereby impeding inhalation.
本文综述了近期关于甘氨酸受体对喉外展肌和内收肌的自发呼吸调节及反射呼吸调节重要性的研究。我们的研究结果表明，脑干内甘氨酸受体的士的宁阻断将正常呼吸的三相呼吸模式改变为两相。这对声门控制具有重要意义：(i)吸气时声门外展和呼气早期内收均受到损害——这一发现与5%低氧相似；(ii)在防御性上呼吸道反射期间声门关闭变得间歇性，反射性呼吸暂停转变为持续吸气放电。基于这些数据，我们预测，长时间缺氧期，如睡眠呼吸暂停期间发生的缺氧，将限制吸气时声门外展，从而阻碍吸气。
