Resendes A R, Almería S, Dubey J P, Obón E, Juan-Sallés C, Degollada E, Alegre F, Cabezón O, Pont S, Domingo M
Histologia i Anatomia Patològica, Facultat de Veterinària, Universitat Autònoma de Barcelona, Spain.
J Parasitol. 2002 Oct;88(5):1029-32. doi: 10.1645/0022-3395(2002)088[1029:DTIAMP]2.0.CO;2.
Fatal disseminated toxoplasmosis was diagnosed in a Risso's dolphin (Grampus griseus) dam and its fetus on the basis of pathologic findings, immunohistochemistry, and structure of the parasite. The dolphin was stranded alive on the Spanish Mediterranean coast and died a few hours later. At necropsy the dam was in good condition. From the standpoint of pathology, however, it had generalized lymphadenomegaly and splenomegaly, enlargement of and multifocal hemorrhage in the adrenal glands, diffuse mucosal hemorrhage of the glandular and pyloric stomach, ulcerative glossitis and stomatitis, focal erosions and reddening of the laryngeal appendix, and severe paraotic sinusitis with intralesional nematodes Crassicauda grampicola. The dolphin was pregnant, most probably in the first gestational trimester. The most prominent microscopic lesions were multifocal granulomatous encephalomyelitis, diffuse subacute interstitial pneumonia, mild multifocal necrotizing hepatitis and nonsuppurative cholangiohepatitis, gastritis and adrenalitis, mild lymphoid depletion, medullary sinus and follicular histyocitosis, and systemic hemosiderosis. The fetus had foci of coagulative and lytic necrosis in the kidneys, the lung, and the heart. Most lesions were associated with tachyzoites and tissue cysts of Toxoplasma gondii. The diagnosis was confirmed immunohistochemically. This is the first report on toxoplasmosis in a Risso's dolphin (G. griseus) and on transplacental transmission to an early-stage fetus in any cetaceans.
根据病理学检查结果、免疫组化以及寄生虫结构，在一头里氏海豚（灰海豚）及其胎儿身上诊断出致命性播散性弓形虫病。这头海豚活着搁浅在西班牙地中海沿岸，数小时后死亡。尸检时，母海豚身体状况良好。然而，从病理学角度来看，它出现了全身性淋巴结肿大和脾肿大、肾上腺增大并伴有多灶性出血、腺胃和幽门胃弥漫性黏膜出血、溃疡性舌炎和口腔炎、喉垂局部糜烂和发红，以及伴有病灶内线虫——灰海豚粗尾线虫的严重耳旁窦炎。这头海豚已怀孕，很可能处于妊娠早期。最显著的微观病变为多灶性肉芽肿性脑脊髓炎、弥漫性亚急性间质性肺炎、轻度多灶性坏死性肝炎和非化脓性胆管肝炎、胃炎和肾上腺炎、轻度淋巴细胞耗竭、髓窦和滤泡组织细胞增多症以及全身性含铁血黄素沉着症。胎儿的肾脏、肺和心脏出现了凝固性和溶解性坏死灶。大多数病变与刚地弓形虫速殖子和组织包囊有关。通过免疫组化确诊。这是关于里氏海豚（灰海豚）弓形虫病以及任何鲸类动物经胎盘传播至早期胎儿的首例报告。
