Weber Matthias M
Klinik II und Poliklinik für Innere Medizin der Universität zu Köln und Lehrstuhl II für Innere Medizin des Krankenhauses Köln-Merheim, Deutschland.
Horm Res. 2002;58 Suppl 3:43-8. doi: 10.1159/000066482.
Human growth hormone (GH) is widely abused as a performance-enhancing anabolic drug by athletes and bodybuilders. However, the effects of GH on skeletal muscle mass, strength and fibre composition remain unclear. We therefore summarize in the following the current knowledge on the physiological role of GH in the regulation of skeletal muscle growth and function and evaluate its potential therapeutic potency as a muscle anabolic hormone. In states of GH deficiency, reduced muscle mass and strength are characteristic findings which can be reversed successfully by the supplementation of GH. In contrast, the currently available data suggest that GH administration alone or in combination with strength exercise has little, if any, effect on muscle volume, strength and fibre composition in non-GH-deficient healthy young individuals. This assumption is supported by the lack of evidence for a significant performance-enhancing effect of GH in athletes. However, further studies will be necessary to define patient populations which might benefit from GH treatment like frail elderly individuals in whom a GH-induced change into a more youthful muscle fibre composition has been reported.
人类生长激素（GH）被运动员和健美运动员广泛滥用为一种增强体能的合成代谢药物。然而，GH对骨骼肌质量、力量和纤维组成的影响仍不明确。因此，我们在下文总结了目前关于GH在调节骨骼肌生长和功能方面生理作用的知识，并评估其作为肌肉合成代谢激素的潜在治疗效力。在生长激素缺乏的状态下，肌肉质量和力量降低是典型表现，补充GH可成功逆转这些表现。相比之下，目前可得的数据表明，单独使用GH或与力量训练联合使用，对非生长激素缺乏的健康年轻个体的肌肉体积、力量和纤维组成几乎没有影响（如果有影响的话）。运动员中缺乏GH显著增强体能效果的证据支持了这一假设。然而，有必要开展进一步研究，以确定可能从GH治疗中获益的患者群体，比如据报道生长激素可使其肌肉纤维组成转变为更年轻化的体弱老年人。
