Tanigami Aki
Department of Economics, Shiga University, Banba, Hikone 522-8522.
Shinrigaku Kenkyu. 2002 Aug;73(3):243-50. doi: 10.4992/jjpsy.73.243.
This study investigated whether people's levels of confidence (CL) judgments and feeling of knowing (FOK) judgements in answering questions about general knowledge were influenced by information about normative difficulty of the questions--that is, the percentage of people who could recall the correct answer to the question--. In easy-information condition, participants were told that questions were easier--that is, more people could answer the questions--than they really were. In difficult-information condition, participants were told that the same questions were more difficult--that is, less people could answer the questions--than they really were. Results showed that the participants gave higher CL judgments and higher FOK judgments for their answers in the easy-information condition than for their answers in the difficult-information condition. These results confirm the hypothesis that people's CL judgments and FOK judgments were influenced by the information about normative difficulty of questions.
本研究调查了人们在回答常识性问题时的信心水平（CL）判断和知晓感（FOK）判断是否会受到有关问题规范难度信息的影响，即能够回忆起问题正确答案的人的百分比。在简单信息条件下，参与者被告知问题比实际情况更容易，也就是说，能回答这些问题的人更多。在困难信息条件下，参与者被告知同样的问题比实际情况更难，也就是说，能回答这些问题的人更少。结果表明，与困难信息条件下的答案相比，参与者在简单信息条件下对自己答案的信心水平判断和知晓感判断更高。这些结果证实了这样一个假设，即人们的信心水平判断和知晓感判断会受到有关问题规范难度信息的影响。
